Healthcare resource use and associated costs in a cohort of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Spain: A retrospective analysis from the first to the third pandemic wave. EPICOV study.

Objectives: Describe healthcare resource use and costs per hospitalized coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) patient during the three main outbreak waves.

Methods: A retrospective observational study. COVID-19 patient data were collected from a dataset from 17 hospitals in the HM Hospitals Group.

Clinical and economic burden of physician-diagnosed influenza in adults during the 2017/2018 epidemic season in Spain.

Background: Influenza is an acutely debilitating respiratory infection, contributing significantly to outpatient visits and hospitalizations. Spain lacks comprehensive and updated data on the burden of influenza, particularly in the outpatient setting. Our study aimed to fill this gap by estimating the clinical and economic burden of physician-diagnosed influenza cases in adults from four Spanish regions, stratified by age groups and presence of comorbidities.

Cost-utility analysis of influenza vaccination in a population aged 65 years or older in Spain with a high-dose vaccine versus an adjuvanted vaccine.

Background: The normal ageing process is accompanied by immunosenescence and a progressive weakening of the immune system. High-dose inactivated influenza quadrivalent vaccine (HD-QIV) has shown greater immunogenicity, relative efficacy, and effectiveness than the standard-dose inactivated quadrivalent vaccine (SD-QIV). The aim of the study was to assess the cost-utility of an HD-QIV strategy compared with an adjuvanted trivalent inactivated vaccine (aTIV) strategy in the population above 65 years of age in Spain.