Ascending renal infection following experimental candiduria by Candida tropicalis in immunocompromised mice.

The present study evaluated renal infection resulting from the implantation of C. tropicalis in the bladder of immunosuppressed mice. Yeasts were implanted in two manners: planktonic and via preformed biofilm on a small catheter fragment (SCF).

Influence of Vitrification Device, Warming Protocol, and Subsequent Culture on Structural Integrity of Testicular Fragments from Adult Domestic Cats.

The objective of the study was to evaluate the integrity of cat testicular tissues after vitrification with different devices followed by different warming conditions. The influence of culture for 24 hours after warming also was examined. Testicular tissues from adult domestic cats were dissected in small fragments that were vitrified using Cryotop or threaded on fine needles, warmed (directly at 37°C or with a preliminary 10 seconds exposure to 50°C), and/or cultured for an additional 24 hours.

Watermelon Reduces the Toxicity of Cisplatin Treatment in C57BL/6 Mice with Induced Melanoma.

An alternative to reduce the undesirable effects of antineoplastic agents has been the combination of classical treatments with nutritional strategies aimed at reducing systemic toxicity without decreasing the antitumor activity of already used drugs. Within this context, this study evaluated the possible reduction of toxicity when cisplatin treatment is combined with watermelon pulp juice supplementation in C57BL/6 mice with melanoma. Watermelon is a fruit rich in vitamins, minerals, proteins, lycopene, carotene, and xanthophylls, which has shown effectiveness in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, weight loss, urinary infections, gout, hypertension, and mutagenicity.

Electrochemotherapy induces tumor regression and decreases the proliferative index in canine cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma.

Canine cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the most common skin cancer in dogs, and, due to its low metastatic rate, local treatments, such as electrochemotherapy (ECT), promote disease control or even complete remission (CR). This study aimed to evaluate the gene and protein expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2 associated X protein (BAX), the proliferative index and clinical parameters in dogs with cSCC subjected to ECT. A prospective nonrandomized clinical study was performed using dogs with naturally occurring cSCC that was treated with ECT.

Chemopreventive role of Copaifera reticulata Ducke oleoresin in colon carcinogenesis.

In Brazilian folk medicine, copaiba oleoresin is widely known for its therapeutic activity, especially its wound healing and anti-inflammatory actions. Considering the relationship between inflammatory processes and carcinogenesis, this paper reports on the Copaifera reticulata Ducke oleoresin (CRO) chemopreventive potential in the colon carcinogenesis model in rats. To understand the mechanisms involved in this effect, the anti-inflammatory activity of CRO and its major chemical constituent, the diterpene ent-polyalthic acid (PA), were evaluated on the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in mouse macrophages.

Murine model for the evaluation of candiduria caused by Candida tropicalis from biofilm.

To evaluate the pathophysiology of catheter-associated candiduria, the bladders of female mice were infected with Candida tropicalis. One group was implanted with a catheter fragment with preformed biofilm by cystotomy technique, while another group received, in separate, a sterile catheter fragment and a correspondent yeast suspension. The bladder tissues were examined by histopathology and the quantity of colony forming units was evaluated.

Europium(III)-doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles reduce the toxicity of cisplatin.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the antitumor efficiency of chemotherapy with cisplatin alone and incorporated into europium(III)-doped yttrium vanadate nanoparticles functionalized with 3‑chloropropyltrimethoxysilane with folic acid and without folic acid in a syngeneic mouse melanoma model. Histopathological, biochemical and genotoxic analyses of treated animals were performed to assess the toxicity of treatments. The treatment of the animals with cisplatin alone and the nanoparticles functionalized with cisplatin at a dose of 5 mg/kg b.

Prognostic significance of Ki67 and its correlation with mitotic index in dogs with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma treated with 19-week CHOP-based protocol.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is the most common type of lymphoma in dogs. We evaluated Ki67 immunoexpression and mitotic index (MI) in dogs diagnosed with DLBCL and treated with a 19-wk CHOP (cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone) protocol. Twenty-nine lymph node samples from dogs diagnosed with DLBCL were analyzed for Ki67 immunostaining, and positive cells present in 1 cm were counted in a grid reticle for comparison of survival times above and below the means.

In vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of a novel carbonyl ruthenium compound, the ct-[RuCl(CO)(dppb)(bipy)]PF-6[dppb=1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane and bipy=2,2'-bipyridine].

This study performed in vitro and in vivo biological assays of the ruthenium (II) compound ct-[RuCl(CO)(dppb)(bipy)]PF (where, dppb=1,4-bis(diphenylphosphine)butane and bipy=2,2'-bipyridine). The cytotoxic activity of this compound was evaluated against different tumor cell lines (HeLa, human cervical adenocarcinoma; MCF7, human breast adenocarcinoma; MO59J, human glioblastoma; HepG2, hepatocellular carcinoma and B16F10, murine melanoma) and healthy cell line (V79, Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts), by XTT (sodium 2,3'-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)-carbonyl]-3,4-tetrazolium-bis(4-methoxy-6-nitro)benzene-sulfonic acid hydrate) method. A syngeneic murine melanoma tumor model (B16F10) was used to evaluate its antitumor activity.

Transverse lie with prolapsed arm in a female red-howler monkey (Alouatta guariba clamitans - Cabrera, 1940).

This study focuses on a case of a red-howler monkey (Alouatta guariba clamitans) which was found with a fetus in a transverse lie position with a prolapsed arm. The topic of this research is well justified as there are no data on this condition involving this type of non-human primate in literature. In this study, a red-howler monkey was observed by locals pulling at her pelvic region for 3 days near a farm.

Immunodetection of cells with a CD44+/CD24- phenotype in canine mammary neoplasms.

Background: Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are able to self-renew and to form metastases. Using flow cytometry, CSCs were detected in canine mammary tumors as cells CD44(+) and CD24(-). The aim of this study was to detect these CSCs by immunohistochemistry and correlate their frequency with canine mammary neoplasm grade and histopathological type.

Influence of apoptosis on the cutaneous and peripheral lymph node inflammatory response in dogs with visceral leishmaniasis.

In canine visceral leishmaniasis (CVL), the abnormalities most commonly observed in clinical examination on the animals are lymphadenomegaly and skin lesions. Dogs are the main domestic reservoir for the protozoon Leishmania (L.) chagasi and the skin is the main site of contamination by the vector insect.

Species diversity and seasonality of free-living ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in the natural habitat of wild Marsh deer (Blastocerus dichotomus) in Southeastern Brazil.

This study evaluated the presence and seasonal activity of free-living ticks in remaining marsh areas by the Paraná river, in Brazil. Eight field trips (once per season) for collection of ticks were performed during 2 years. Using CO2 traps, dragging, and visual inspection of vegetation, five free-living tick species were collected, in the following order of abundance: Amblyomma cajennense, Amblyomma dubitatum, Amblyomma triste, Amblyomma coelebs, and Amblyomma nodosum.

Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) parasitizing humans in an Atlantic rainforest reserve of Southeastern Brazil with notes on host suitability.

While conducting projects on ticks from deer and on tick ecology in animal trails in an Atlantic rainforest reserve in Southeastern Brazil, researchers of our group were bitten by ticks several times. Some of these episodes were recorded. Three species of adult ticks attached to humans: Amblyomma brasiliense Aragão, Amblyomma incisum Neumann, and Amblyomma ovale Koch.