Increased consumption of ultra-processed foods and worse diet quality in colorectal cancer patients after colostomy: A prospective study.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is commonly treated with intestinal resections that lead to colostomy, which can influence changes in eating habits. This study aimed to analyze energy and nutrient intake, diet quality, and food consumption based on the processing level in CRC patients after colostomy. A prospective study was carried out at three time points (T0-recent colostomy, T1-3 months after colostomy, and T2-6 months after colostomy).

Decision tree model development and in silico validation for avoidable hospital readmissions at 30 days in a pediatric population.

Background and objective: identifying patients at high risk of avoidable readmission remains a challenge for healthcare professionals. Despite the recent interest in Machine Learning in this topic, studies are scarce and commonly using only black box algorithms. The aim of our study was to develop and validate in silico an interpretable predictive model using a decision tree inference to identify pediatric patients at risk of 30-day potentially avoidable readmissions.

Association of uric acid with length of stay and mortality in pediatric hospitalized population.

Purpose: Elevated uric acid (UA) levels have been associated with acute and chronic diseases, which could affect the prognosis of pediatric hospitalized patients. However, the association of UA levels with length of hospital stay (LOS) and mortality in hospitalized children and adolescents remains unknown. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the association of serum UA levels with in-hospital mortality and prolonged LOS in hospitalized children and adolescents.

Machine learning for hospital readmission prediction in pediatric population.

Background And Objective: Pediatric readmissions are a burden on patients, families, and the healthcare system. In order to identify patients at higher readmission risk, more accurate techniques, as machine learning (ML), could be a good strategy to expand the knowledge in this area. The aim of this study was to develop predictive models capable of identifying children and adolescents at high risk of potentially avoidable 30-day readmission using ML.

Association between health risk behaviors and food consumption in adolescents.

The study aims to evaluate the association between substance use and social isolation with food consumption in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2,040 adolescents from a medium-sized city in Brazil. The exposures assessed were the use of alcohol, tobacco, and other substances, and social isolation.

Validation of the HOSPITAL score as predictor of 30-day potentially avoidable readmissions in pediatric hospitalized population: retrospective cohort study.

Potentially avoidable pediatric readmissions are a burden to patients and their families. Identifying patients with higher risk of readmission could help minimize hospital costs and facilitate the targeting of care interventions. HOSPITAL score is a tool developed and widely used to predict adult patient's readmissions; however its predictive capacity for pediatric readmissions has not yet been evaluated.

Nutritional risk, not obesity, is associated with mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients.

Background: Despite the identification of obesity as a risk factor for higher rates of hospital and Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admissions and complications due to COVID-19, the association between obesity and mortality in critically ill COVID-19 patients remains controversial, and the nutritional risk is little considered. Hence, our study sought to evaluate the association between obesity, nutritional risk, and mortality in critically ill patients diagnosed with COVID-19.

Methods: Retrospective study were condutcted including adult critically ill COVID-19 patients admitted to an ICU between April 2020 and March 2021.

Association between lifestyle and emotional aspects of food consumption during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background And Aims: Adequate nutrition during infectious outbreaks require a personal management strategy, especially when there are emotional factors involved. To evaluate the association between lifestyle and emotional aspects of food consumption during the pandemic COVID-19.

Methods And Results: Cross-sectional study using online self-applied questionnaire with 15,372 active schoolteachers who worked in primary education (kindergarten, elementary and high school) from Minas Gerais, Brazil.

Working conditions, lifestyle and mental health of Brazilian public-school teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to describe the working conditions, lifestyle and mental health of Brazilian public-school teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is an epidemiological websurvey, carried out from August to September 2020. Teachers from public schools in rural and urban areas in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, participated in the study.

Food consumption changes among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The present study aimed to analyze changes in food consumption among teachers of state schools in Minas Gerais in the context of the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This is a cross-sectional study of teachers at elementary, middle, and high schools in Minas Gerais. An online questionnaire was made available to all participants through the Google Forms platform.

Time after ostomy surgery and type of treatment are associated with quality of life changes in colorectal cancer patients with colostomy.

Purpose: Quality of life in colorectal cancer patients may be affected by colostomy and treatment, but relevant studies are still scarce and contradictory. The present study aimed to evaluate the association between colostomy time and treatment type with quality of life in colorectal cancer patients.

Methods: A prospective observational study of 41 patients with colorectal cancer was conducted on three occasions T0, T1 and T2 (0-2; 3-5 and 6-8 months after ostomy surgery, respectively).

High frequency of non-compliance with quality indicators during oral nutrition support in hospitalized patients.

Background & Aims: Quality indicators are important tools in clinical practice for assessing and monitoring the quality of care in nutritional therapy. Application of these indicators can improve care and may help to decrease the high frequency of malnutrition and associated hospital costs. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to estimate the frequency of oral nutritional supplements (ONS) use and to evaluate compliance with the four available quality indicators in oral nutritional therapy (QIONT) in a university hospital.

Influence of socioeconomic status, age, body fat, and depressive symptoms on evel of physical activity in adults: a path analysis.

Physical activity is a complex behavior influenced by sociodemographic and clinical factors. A better understanding of the relationships between these factors is essential to better understanding their influence on physical activity. The objective of this study was to examine the association between socioeconomic status, age, body fat, and depressive symptoms and level of physical activity among adults.

Health-related quality of life became worse in short-term during treatment in head and neck cancer patients: a prospective study.

Background: Quality of life (QoL) is influenced in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients by a set of factors related to diagnosis, treatment and tumor impacts. The aim of this study was to evaluate the Quality of Life (QoL) changes in Head and Neck cancer (HNC) patients during treatment (radiotherapy and/or chemoradiotherapy).

Methods: QoL was evaluated prospectively in 63 HNC patients during radiotherapy and/or chemoradiotherapy at three moments: before or at beginning (T0), in the middle (T1 ~ four weeks) and immediately at the end (T2 ~ eight weeks) of treatment.

High red blood cell distribution width is associated with a risk of short-term mortality in hospitalized surgical, but not clinical patients.

Background & Aims: The distribution width of red blood cells (RDW) is a known factor risk for mortality. However, the association between high RDW and short-term mortality in surgical patients is poorly understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of high RDW with all-cause in-hospital mortality, in surgical and non-surgical patients.

Nutritional Status and Growth Deficit in Children and Adolescents with Cancer at Different Moments of Treatment.

Background: Nutrition deficits are common in children and adolescents undergoing cancer treatment and can contribute to a worse prognosis. There are scarce studies regarding this context considering different moments of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between moment of treatment and nutritional status in children and adolescents with cancer.

Oral Nutritional Supplementation Affects the Dietary Intake and Body Weight of Head and Neck Cancer Patients during (Chemo) Radiotherapy.

Considering the symptoms of (chemo) radiotherapy and the reduction in food intake in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients, this study aimed to investigate the association between treatment time points and oral nutritional supplementation (ONS) on dietary intake to estimate the frequency of energy and nutrient inadequacy, and also to evaluate body weight changes (BWC). Dietary intake data of 65 patients were obtained from 24-h dietary recalls and prevalence of inadequacy was calculated before or at the beginning (T0), in the middle (T1), and at the end of treatment (T2). BWC were calculated as the weight difference considering the previous weight reported and/or measured.

High Frequency of Non-Compliance with Quality Indicators of Enteral and Parenteral Nutritional Therapy in Hospitalized Patients.

Quality indicators in nutritional therapy (QINT) are measures of the effectiveness and quality of nutrition support. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of the QINT adequacy of Enteral Nutritional Therapy (EN) and/or Parenteral (PN) in hospitalized patients and identify the best indicators according to health professionals. A prospective study was performed, including data from patients aged 18 years or over admitted to clinical or surgical wards.

Failure to achieve proteic goals in non-critical patients increases risk for death: Old discussion, ongoing problem.

Objectives: Providing adequate nutritional support for hospitalized patients continues to be a challenge. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of energy and protein provision with in-hospital mortality in non-critically ill patients.

Methods: A retrospective study (2014-2016) was performed with all patients >18 y of age who were admitted to medical and surgical clinic wards and given exclusive enteral therapy.

Accuracy of BMI and waist circumference cut-off points to predict obesity in older adults.

The main objectives were to analyse the validity and accuracy of Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist Circumference (WC) to evaluate obesity by excess of body fat in older adults and to identify more adequate cut-off points for this age group. The recommended cut-off points for BMI (25, 27 or 30 kg/m2) and WC (≥ 102 cm for men and ≥ 88 cm for women or ≥ 90cm for men and ≥ 80 cm for women) were compared to the total body densitometry. BF was defined by a value higher than the 90th percentile.

Association between exposure to interpersonal violence and social isolation, and the adoption of unhealthy weight control practices.

Objective: To assess the relationship between interpersonal violence, social isolation and unhealthy weight control practices.

Methods: Data on a representative sample of 9th grade Brazilian adolescents from public and private schools (n = 102,072), taken from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE, 2015) were used. The exposures were interpersonal violence (family physical violence, body appearance-related bullying and bullying for the other reasons) and social isolation.

Combination of red blood cell distribution width and body mass index (COR-BMI) predicts in-hospital mortality in patients with different diagnoses?

Background: The combination of red blood cell distribution width and body mass index (COR-BMI) is indicated as a new prognostic index of survival in patients with laryngeal cancer. However, the ability of this prediction in other types of cancer or whether its use can be expanded to non-oncological patients is unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the prediction of prognosis of in-hospital mortality of the COR-BMI in oncological and non-oncological patients.

Insulin, ghrelin and early return of hunger in women with obesity and polycystic ovary syndrome.

Background & Aims: Women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have greater predisposition to obesity, but the mechanisms are still unknown. Hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance and low levels of ghrelin are common in this group. For the purposes of the present study, it was assumed that such changes could have an influence on hunger.

Food consumption of users of the Brazilian Unified Health System by type of assistance and participation in the "Bolsa Família".

A cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate and compare dietary intake, type of assistance (Basic Health Units - UBS and Family Health Strategies - ESF) and participation in the "Bolsa Família" Program (PBF) among users of the Brazilian Unified Health System, (SUS). The sample was composed of individuals of both sexes between 18 and 78 years of age in Porto Alegre, state of Rio Grande do Sul. Socioeconomic, clinical and food consumption data were collected via a questionnaire adapted from the SISVAN and VIGITEL national surveys.