Water-soluble polyol-methanofullerenes as mitochondria-targeted antioxidants: Mechanism of action.

The mechanism of an antioxidant action of water-soluble polyol - methanofullerenes C[CHO(OH)] and C[CHO(OH)] as the mild uncouplers of an oxidative phosphorylation and respiration is postulated. According to this mechanism, hydroxyl group of methanofullerenols can be protonated under excess of protons in the intermembrane space of hyperpolarized mitochondria. Protonation of fullerene derivatives is confirmed by the decrease in their negative Zeta potential in the pH below 5.

Serum Cytokine Profiles in Children with Crohn's Disease.

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease that can be diagnosed at any age. There are two major patient groups based on diagnosis of this disease, before or after the age of 20 (juvenile/adolescent or adult), with disease progression in adults usually milder than in juvenile CD patients. Immune mechanisms have been suggested to play an important role in CD pathogenesis, with cytokines governing the development of the immune response.

Serum Cytokine Signature That Discriminates Positive and Negative Juvenile Gastroduodenitis.

Gastroduodenitis caused by , often acquired in early childhood, is found in about 50% of the adult population. Although infections can remain asymptomatic, its virulence factors usually trigger epithelial vacuolization and degeneration, loss of microvilli, disintegration of cytoplasm, and leukocyte accumulation. It is believed that leukocyte infiltration is driven by cytokines produced locally in infected tissue.

Novel water-soluble methanofullerenes C60[C13H18O4(OH)4]6 and C60[C9H10O4(OH)4]6: Promising uncouplers of respiration and phosphorylation.

Here, we report for the first time on two novel water-soluble polyol-methanofullerenes which uncouple respiration and oxidative phosphorylation. A cytofluorimetric JC-1-based ratiometric assay was used to quantify mitochondrial potential Ψm in Yarrowia lipolytica cells exposed to the fullerenes tested. Both methanofullerenes significantly downregulated Ψm, thereby decreasing the subset of cells with high mitochondrial potential compared with intact control cells.