Hippocampus and amygdala morphology in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Context: Limbic structures are implicated in the genesis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by the presence of mood and cognitive disturbances in affected individuals and by elevated rates of mood disorders in family members of probands with ADHD.

Objective: To study the morphology of the hippocampus and amygdala in children with ADHD.

Design: A cross-sectional case-control study of the hippocampus and amygdala using anatomical magnetic resonance imaging.

A developmental fMRI study of self-regulatory control.

We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the neural correlates of self-regulatory control across development in healthy individuals performing the Stroop interference task. Proper performance of the task requires the engagement of self-regulatory control to inhibit an automatized response (reading) in favor of another, less automatic response (color naming). Functional MRI scans were acquired from a sample of 70 healthy individuals ranging in age from 7 to 57 years.

Habit learning in Tourette syndrome: a translational neuroscience approach to a developmental psychopathology.

Background: The etiology of Tourette syndrome (TS) involves disturbances in the structure and function of the basal ganglia. The basal ganglia mediate habit learning.

Objective: To study habit learning in persons with TS.