The Impact of Tobacco Smoking on Systemic Sclerosis, Idiopathic Inflammatory Myositis, and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

This narrative review aims specifically to explore the relationship between tobacco exposure and systemic sclerosis (SSc), idiopathic inflammatory myositis (IIM), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Relevant articles were obtained by searching key terms such as "tobacco," "smoking," "scleroderma," "myositis," "lupus," and "Sjögren's" in PubMed and Google Scholar databases. The selected articles ranged from the years 2010 to 2023.

Idiopathic Granulomatous Mastitis, Erythema Nodosum, and Polyarthritis.

Idiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is an inflammatory-mediated rare disease that can be linked to rare manifestations. Erythema nodosum (EN) and polyarthritis, seen in a multitude of autoinflammatory and autoimmune diseases, have been rarely linked to IGM. Despite the cause of IGM being unclear, Corynebacterium infections are thought to play a role in the pathophysiology of IGM.

An update on the endocrine manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome.

Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS), characterized by hypercoagulability and pregnancy morbidity, poses a significant clinical challenge when involving organ systems, such as the endocrine system. APS can directly and indirectly influence the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland. The thyroid gland exhibits involvement, especially in patients with positive anticardiolipin antibodies, yet the clinical significance of the relationship with APS remains elusive.

Adult-Onset Still's Disease Following COVID-19 Infection in a Patient Receiving Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir: A Case Report.

SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) has been associated with numerous complications, including autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases. The surge of cytokines following COVID-19 infection or vaccination has been proposed to contribute to immune dysregulation, which might subsequently give rise to an autoinflammatory syndrome. Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is one of the rare autoinflammatory diseases characterized by a surge of cytokines.

Sarcoidosis as a cause of chronic back pain: a case report.

While sarcoidosis is typically a multisystem disease, it can, in some instances, exclusively affect the vertebrae, leading to back pain. Additionally, sarcoidosis may manifest with inflammation of the sacroiliac joints, not meeting the criteria for spondyloarthritis, yet contributing to back pain. In this report, we present a case involving a previously healthy 55-year-old woman who sought medical attention due to chronic back pain.

Vacuolar Interface Dermatitis as a Histologic Reaction Pattern of Sjögren's Syndrome: A Case Report.

Sjögren's syndrome (SS) has been widely known for its dry mouth and dry eyes presentation. Extraglandular disease manifestations may be protean and pose a challenge for clinicians, especially when the typical known manifestations are absent. Skin involvement of SS is variable, and cutaneous signs and symptoms may be the initial presentation of this syndrome.

Refractory Adult-onset Still's Disease Treated with a Combination of Methotrexate and Etanercept.

Background: Adult-onset Still's disease (AOSD) is a challenging diagnosis because of the variability in clinical presentation and lack of gold-standard diagnostic investigations. Even after diagnosis, the treatment is challenging, especially when the disease is refractory to first-line therapy. Multiple pharmacotherapeutic options exist for refractory AOSD, but treatment failures still occur.

Sarcoidosis Mimicking a Malignant Metastatic Disease.

Sarcoidosis can have pulmonary and extrapulmonary clinical manifestations depending on the organ of involvement. Because multiple organs are involved by the disease, sarcoid can mimic metastatic diseases. Whenever clinical and radiological clues of metastasis are present, differentials other than cancer should not be missed.

bacteremia secondary to a soft tissue wound: A case report.

is an uncommon cause of bacteremia, that usually seeds from multiple sources including soft tissues. Immunocompromised states predispose patients to fulminant infections, and sometimes death. Broad-spectrum antibiotics, such as fourth-generation cephalosporins, are usually indicated for treatment.

Fibromyalgia among University Students: A Vulnerable Population.

Background: Fibromyalgia (FM), a complex musculoskeletal disorder, can affect individuals from different genders having different genetic and psychosocial backgrounds. The prevalence of FM depends specifically on the age, gender, and level of stress of the individual. Since the university student body tackles high levels of academic and non-academic stress, we aimed to assess the prevalence and characteristics of FM among such a vulnerable population.

Lupus, antiphospholipid syndrome, and stroke: An attempt to crossmatch.

Cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) or strokes are part of the common thrombotic manifestations of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLEs) and Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Such neurological thrombotic events tend to occur in patients with SLE at a higher frequency when Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) are present, and tend to involve the large cerebral vessels. The mechanism of stroke in SLE can be driven by complement deposition and neuroinflammation involving the blood-brain barrier although the traditional cardiovascular risk factors remain major contributing factors.

Erythema nodosum in Behçet's disease in remission: Think COVID-19?

The coronavirus disease has several manifestations related to the activation of the immune system. Because of such activation, autoimmune diseases, including vasculitis, have been reported to occur. Behçet's disease, a variable vessel vasculitis, has been discussed in the context of coronavirus disease.

Role of pro-inflammatory interleukins in osteoarthritis: a narrative review.

Purpose: This manuscript will summarize the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines and tackle newly discussed ones within the scope of OA pathogenesis as mentioned in the recent literature. This will allow for a better understanding of the mechanisms behind such a complicated disease.

Material And Methods: Relevant articles were obtained by searching key terms including "pro-inflammatory cytokines," "inflammation," "pathophysiology," "cartilage damage," and "OA" in PubMed and Google Scholar databases.

Hematological manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome: Going beyond thrombosis.

Thrombotic complications are a hallmark of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). These vascular - arterial, venous, and/or small vessel - complications are well described and known to hematologists and healthcare providers caring for patients with this disease. In this review, we shed light on other hematological manifestations of the disease, including bleeding, thrombocytopenia, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and thrombotic microangiopathy syndromes.

ANCA-Associated Vasculitis following the First Dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 Vaccine.

Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine can alter the body's immunological balance leading to autoimmune disease in rare cases. Anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis is one of the autoimmune diseases which have been rarely reported to appear post-COVID-19 vaccine. Herein, we report the case of a 47-year-old woman who developed acute renal failure few days after receiving the first dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine.

ACTH-secreting parotid acinic cell carcinoma unusually reported as a paraneoplastic syndrome.

Paraneoplastic syndromes, induced by an immunological cross-reaction or hormone/peptide secretion, are an atypical presentation of tumors. Some tumors, such as small cell lung cancer and bronchial carcinoid, can be adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) secreting tumors. Less commonly, parotid acinic cell carcinoma can be ACTH-secreting tumor leading to Cushing's syndrome.

The psychological impact of Behçet's disease.

Background: Bechet's disease (BD), a chronic multiorgan involving disease, has a significant impact on quality of life in spite of effective treatment modalities. Disease manifestations such as arthritis, orogenital ulcerations, rashes, angiitis, and neurological involvement affect health-related quality of life (HRQoL) through its impact on depression, anxiety, and fatigue.

Objectives: We aimed explore the psychological impact of BD, taking into consideration the effect on the HRQoL, as well as the association with depression, anxiety, wellbeing, and fatigue.

Rheumatoid Cerebral Vasculitis in a Patient in Remission.

Cerebral vasculitis is a very rare extra-articular complication of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) that is often challenging to diagnose. Elevated titers of rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide antibodies (anti-CCP), and antinuclear antibodies (ANA) have been linked with severe complications. The absence of highly elevated titers of RF, anti-CCP, and ANA can complicate the diagnosis of RA-associated cerebral vasculitis.