Long-Term Survival After Curative Resection of a Primary Clear Cell Carcinoma of the Pancreas: A Report of a Case.

Clear cell pancreatic carcinoma, as a primary lesion, represents a rare malignant entity with very few references. As for the incidence, the clinical characteristics and the prognosis are still to be defined. Here, we present the case of a 73-year-old female who presented with epigastric pain radiating to the back, anorexia, and dyspepsia.

Intestinal Obstruction Due to Ingested Olive Pits.

Intestinal obstruction after ingestion of foreign bodies is a rare condition. A wide variety of ingested foreign bodies has been reported as a cause of mechanical small bowel obstruction, with ingested fruit pits being rarely reported as causes of intestinal obstruction. Here, we report the case of a 70-year-old female diagnosed with intestinal obstruction due to swallowed olive pits tightly impacted in the distal ileum.

Pedunculated Focal Nodular Hyperplasia: When in Doubt, Should We Cut It Out?

Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is the second most common benign hepatic tumor and can rarely present as an exophytic solitary mass attached to the liver by a stalk. Most FNH cases are usually detected as incidental findings during surgery, imaging or physical examination and have a high female predominance. However, the pedunculated forms of FNH are particularly rare and commonly associated with severe complications and diagnostic challenges.

Predictive Factors for Anastomotic Leakage Following Colorectal Cancer Surgery: Where Are We and Where Are We Going?

Anastomotic leakage (AL) remains one of the most severe complications following colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery. Indeed, leaks that may occur after any type of intestinal anastomosis are commonly associated with a higher reoperation rate and an increased risk of postoperative morbidity and mortality. At first, our review aims to identify specific preoperative, intraoperative and perioperative factors that eventually lead to the development of anastomotic dehiscence based on the current literature.

HPV and Cervical Cancer: A Review of Epidemiology and Screening Uptake in the UK.

Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy in females worldwide, and a leading cause of death in the United Kingdom (UK). The human papillomavirus (HPV) is the strongest risk factor for developing cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer. Across the UK, the national HPV immunisation programme, introduced in 2008, has been successful in protecting against HPV-related infections.

Prospective multicenter external validation of postoperative mortality prediction tools in patients undergoing emergency laparotomy.

Background: Accurate preoperative risk assessment in emergency laparotomy (EL) is valuable for informed decision making and rational use of resources. Available risk prediction tools have not been validated adequately across diverse health care settings. Herein, we report a comparative external validation of four widely cited prognostic models.

Plasma VEGF and Leptin Values in Patients With Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia and Metabolic Syndrome.

Intestinal metaplasia of the stomach (IM) is considered a pre-cancerous lesion and is a potential precursor to adenocarcinoma. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been associated with lesions to the gastrointestinal tract such as the risk of developing Barett esophagus. Vascular endothelial growth factor and leptin have been associated with either gastrointestinal tract carcinogenesis or MetS.

Medical, Endoscopic and Surgical Management of Stricturing Crohn's Disease: Current Clinical Practice.

The development of fibrostenotic intestinal disease occurs in approximately one-third of patients with Crohn's disease and is associated with increased morbidity. Despite introducing new biologic agents, stricturing Crohn's disease remains a significant clinical challenge. Medical treatment is considered the first-line treatment for inflammatory strictures, and anti-TNF agents appear to provide the most considerable benefit among the available medical treatments.

The Implication of Gastric Microbiome in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common and deadly malignancies worldwide. Helicobacter pylori have been documented as a risk factor for GC. The development of sequencing technology has broadened the knowledge of the gastric microbiome, which is essential in maintaining homeostasis.

Gastric metastasis from breast cancer presenting as dysphagia.

Gastric metastasis from breast cancer occurs infrequently and causes non-specific symptoms, usually attributed to the underlying disease. Furthermore, endoscopic findings are almost identical to primary gastric cancer, making the immunohistochemical examination of biopsies necessary for diagnosis. We present the case of a 64-year-old woman who was diagnosed with lobular breast cancer 3 years ago and received chemotherapy with evidence of remission.

Jejunal intussusception due to an atypical lipomatous tumor: a rare case report.

Intussusception in adults is rare, and the clinical symptoms of intussusception are subtle, making the diagnosis quite challenging. Gastrointestinal lipomas are rare benign tumors and are essentially adipose growths, most frequently found within the small intestine wall or mesentery. Limited up-to-date evidence exists regarding such lipomas.

Description of a Recovery Model in Rabbits for the Study of the Late Phase of Liver Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury.

Aim: Description of an anesthetic recovery model with endotracheal intubation in rabbits which provides metabolic stability for the study of the late phase of liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury.

Materials And Methods: Two groups of New Zealand rabbits, n=7 in each, were used: Ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group (45 min of partial liver ischemia/reperfusion) and no intervention (sham) group. Blood alanine aminotransferase, lactate, pH values, mean arterial pressure and pCO were calculated at baseline, and at 2 and 24 h post reperfusion.

Metronomic chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide for the treatment of advanced hepatocellular cancer: A case report.

Introduction And Importance: Metronomic chemotherapy entails chronic, equally spaced administration of low doses of various chemotherapeutic drugs without extended rest periods. Its use as a second-line treatment in advanced or metastatic hepatocellular cancer remains under investigation.

Case Presentation: We report a case of a 49-year-old Caucasian female patient with an enlarged (∼14 cm) hepatocellular cancer.

Angiogenesis and Anti-Angiogenic Treatment in Prostate Cancer: Mechanisms of Action and Molecular Targets.

Prostate cancer (PC) is the most common cancer in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Many therapeutic advances over the last two decades have led to an improvement in the survival of patients with metastatic PC, yet the majority of these patients still succumb to their disease. Antiagiogenic therapies have shown substantial benefits for many types of cancer but only a marginal benefit for PC.

Genetic Aberrations of DNA Repair Pathways in Prostate Cancer: Translation to the Clinic.

Prostate cancer (PC) is the second most common cancer in men worldwide. Due to the large-scale sequencing efforts, there is currently a better understanding of the genomic landscape of PC. The identification of defects in DNA repair genes has led to clinical studies that provide a strong rationale for developing poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors and DNA-damaging agents in this molecularly defined subset of patients.

Unraveling the Wide Spectrum of Melanoma Biomarkers.

The use of biomarkers in medicine has become essential in clinical practice in order to help with diagnosis, prognostication and prediction of treatment response. Since Alexander Breslow's original report on "melanoma and prognostic values of thickness", providing the first biomarker for melanoma, many promising new biomarkers have followed. These include serum markers, such as lactate dehydrogenase and S100 calcium-binding protein B.

Recent advances in the surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma.

The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing, despite effective antiviral treatment for hepatitis B (HBV) and C virus infection and the application of preventive measures such as vaccination at birth against HBV infection. This is mainly due to the increase in metabolic syndrome and its hepatic components, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis. Liver resection and transplantation are the main treatment options, offering long-term survival and potential cure.

Surgical site infection in a Greek general surgery department: who is at most risk?

Objective: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are associated with protracted hospitalisation, antibiotics administration, and increased morbidity and mortality. This work investigated the incidence rate of SSIs in the Department of General Surgery at the University Hospital of Ioannina, Greece, the associated risk factors and pathogens responsible.

Method: In this prospective cohort study, patients who underwent elective procedures under general anaesthesia were enrolled.

Upfront debulking surgery for high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma: current evidence.

High-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) is a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. Currently, there is no clear consensus over the regime these patients should receive. The main two options are upfront debulking surgery with adjuvant chemotherapy or neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery (IDS).

Development of new poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in ovarian cancer: Quo Vadis?

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer mortality among women, potentially due to ineffectiveness of screening tests for early detection. Patients typically present with advanced disease at diagnosis, whereas, up to 80% relapse and the estimated median progression-free survival (PFS) is approximately 12-18 months. Increased knowledge on the molecular biology of EOC resulted in the development of several targeted therapies, including poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors.