Dynamic altruistic cooperation within breast tumors.

Background: Social behaviors such as altruism, where one self-sacrifices for collective benefits, critically influence an organism's survival and responses to the environment. Such behaviors are widely exemplified in nature but have been underexplored in cancer cells which are conventionally seen as selfish competitive players. This multidisciplinary study explores altruism and its mechanism in breast cancer cells and its contribution to chemoresistance.

Targeting CD82/KAI1 for Precision Therapeutics in Surmounting Metastatic Potential in Breast Cancer.

Metastasis is the main cause of mortality in breast cancer patients. There is an unmet need to develop therapies that can impede metastatic spread. Precision oncology has shown great promise for the treatment of cancers, as the therapeutic approach is tailored to a specific group of patients who are likely to benefit from the treatment, rather than the traditional approach of "one size fits all".

Gold nanoparticles induce serum amyloid A 1-Toll-like receptor 2 mediated NF-kB signaling in lung cells in vitro.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have emerging applications in biomedicine and the industry. Exposure to AuNPs has previously been shown to alter the transcriptional activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kB), which is known to mediate physiological and pathological processes. This study seeks to provide mechanistic insights into AuNP-induced NF-kB activation in Small Airway Epithelial Cells (SAECs) in vitro.

Size and heterologous elements predict metastases in malignant phyllodes tumours of the breast.

Phyllodes tumours (PTs) of the breast are uncommon fibroepithelial neoplasms comprising 0.3-1.0% of all primary breast tumours.

Silencing the YB-1 gene inhibits cell migration in gastric cancer in vitro.

The Y-Box-Binding Protein-1 (YB-1) is known to regulate the processes of transcription, translation, cellular response to drug treatment and viral infection as well as DNA repair among others. As gastric cancer is a common cancer with a high incidence in countries in Asia, we evaluated the association of YB-1 with the malignant potential of gastric cancer cells in vitro. YB-1 mRNA expression levels were first determined by real-time RT-PCR in two adherent gastric cancer cell lines (viz.

Targeting metallothionein for prognosis and treatment of breast cancer.

Breast cancer is a disease that has plagued many women globally. The rapid rise in the incidence rate has prompted the rigorous search to understand its etiology and find better management strategies for this disease. Metallothionein (MT) belongs to a family of metal-binding proteins where dysregulated expression of this protein has been observed in invasive breast ductal carcinomas.

Modulation of metallothionein isoforms is associated with collagen deposition in proliferating keloid fibroblasts in vitro.

The keloid fibroblast (KF) is known to have higher proliferative capacity than normal dermal fibroblast (NF). Metallothionein (MT), a metal-binding protein, has been reported to promote cell proliferation. In this study, we evaluated the expression of MT isoforms at the mRNA level in fetal bovine serum (FBS)-stimulated proliferating KF.

Heat shock proteins as novel therapeutic targets in cancer.

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are evolutionarily conserved molecules synthesised by cells exposed to sub-lethal stresses. Acting as molecular chaperones, HSPs protect cells from environmental stress damage by assisting in proper folding and stabilisation of proteins. In addition, they help to sequester severely damaged proteins for degradation.