Background: Psychological factors such as anxiety and mood appear to influence acute postoperative pain; however, there is conflicting evidence on the relationship between preoperative psychological parameters and the severity of postoperative pain. In the context of the stressful setting of initial surgery for breast cancer, we conducted a prospective observational study of patients who were scheduled to undergo initial breast cancer surgery.
Methods: The objectives were to examine the potential associations between predefined preoperative psychological parameters and (i) Self-reported pain scores at discharge from the postoperative acute care unit, (ii) Cumulative perioperative opioid consumption at four hours postoperatively and (iii) Self-reported pain as measured during the first seven days after surgery.
Background: Clinical teaching during encounters with real patients lies at the heart of medical education. Mixed reality (MR) using a Microsoft HoloLens 2 (HL2) offers the potential to address several challenges: including enabling remote learning; decreasing infection control risks; facilitating greater access to medical specialties; and enhancing learning by vertical integration of basic principles to clinical application. We aimed to assess the feasibility and usability of MR using the HL2 for teaching in a busy, tertiary referral university hospital.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPersistent post-surgical pain (PPSP) is defined as pain which continues after a surgical operation in a significant form for at least three months (and is not related to pre-existing painful conditions). PPSP is a common, under-recognised, and important clinical problem which affects millions of patients worldwide. Preventative measures which are currently available include the selection of a minimally invasive surgical technique and an aggressive multimodal perioperative analgesic regimen.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFConfronted by the many barriers and deficiencies which currently face those responsible for the training of doctors, the concept of a logic model applied in real time may seem aspirational. However, several of the necessary of logic-based practices are already in place - these include quantified training effect and performance, learning analytics, and applied reflective practice. A nationally or internationally co-ordinated effort is required to harness these disciplines (which currently exist disparately) to create a sustainable and effective training system which is adaptive to its own performance and to society's changing needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Mixed reality offers potential educational advantages in the delivery of clinical teaching. Holographic artefacts can be rendered within a shared learning environment using devices such as the Microsoft HoloLens 2. In addition to facilitating remote access to clinical events, mixed reality may provide a means of sharing mental models, including the vertical and horizontal integration of curricular elements at the bedside.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Reflective capacity is "the ability to understand critical analysis of knowledge and experience to achieve deeper meaning." In medicine, there is little provision for post-graduate medical education to teach deliberate reflection. The feasibility, scoring characteristics, reliability, validation, and adaptability of a modified previously validated instrument was examined for its usefulness assessing reflective capacity in residents as a step toward developing interventions for improvement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIt is timely and necessary to consider what Postgraduate Medical Training Programme outcomes are, how they are defined and revised over time, and how they can be used to align health professional performance with the healthcare needs of society. This article which addresses those issues, with specific reference to training in anaesthesiology, was prepared using a modified nominal group (or expert panel) approach.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Aim: Relative to men, women present with pain conditions more commonly. Although consistent differences exist between men and women in terms of physiological pain sensitivity, the underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood and yet could inform the development of effective sex specific treatments for pain. The gut microbiota can modulate nervous system functioning, including pain signaling pathways.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Objectives: Documentation is important for quality improvement, education, and research. There is currently a lack of recommendations regarding key aspects of documentation in regional anesthesia. The aim of this study was to establish recommendations for documentation in regional anesthesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcute kidney injury (AKI) is a common medical problem in hospitalised patients worldwide that may result in negative physiological, social and economic consequences. Amongst patients admitted to ICU with AKI, over 40% have had either elective or emergency surgery prior to admission. Predicting outcomes after AKI is difficult and the decision on whom to initiate RRT with a goal of renal recovery or predict a long-term survival benefit still poses a challenge for acute care physicians.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGut microbiota play a role in certain pain states. Hence, these microbiota also influence somatic pain. We aimed to determine if there was an association between gut microbiota (composition and diversity) and postoperative pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn excess of 300 million surgical procedures are undertaken worldwide each year. Despite recognition of the prevalence of postoperative pain, and improvements in pain management techniques, poorly controlled postoperative pain remains a major unresolved challenge globally. An estimated 71% and 51% of patients experience moderate to severe pain after surgery in in-patient and outpatient settings, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAim: Retrolaminar block (RB) is known to confer chest wall analgesia but, its mechanism has not been established. Our primary objective was to determine if the spread of injectate following RB extends to the paravertebral space (PVS). Second-ary objectives were to determine the predefined anatomical areas and nervous tissues contacted by injectate; the effect of volume on spread; and the extent to which experts can predict PVS spread based on examination of US videos of the injection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA previously healthy 48-year-old woman was referred to our intensive care unit (ICU) from a neurosurgical ward due to deterioration of her conscious level. She had a road traffic accident 6 days earlier. On admission to the hospital, a brain CT demonstrated subarachnoid haemorrhage which was considered not amenable to surgical intervention.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (EGPA) is a rare disease with an estimated annual incidence of 0.5-6.8 per million.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF: The change from time-based to competency-based medical education has been driven by society's requirement for greater accountability of medical practitioners and those who train them. The European Society of Anaesthesiology and European Section/Board of Anaesthesiology (Anaesthesiology Section of the European Union Medical Specialists) endorse the general principles of competency-based medical education and training (CBMET) outlined by the international competency-based medical education collaborators. A CBMET curriculum is built on unambiguously defined learning objectives, each of which offers a measurable outcome, amenable to assessment using valid and reliable tools.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPulmonary embolism (PE) secondary to trauma is the third most common cause of death in trauma patients who have survived 24 hours following injury. We describe a case of PE diagnosed within 3 hours of a major trauma in a previously well adolescent female. The early occurrence of PE in this case is at odds with what is generally reported (3-5 days) after major trauma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Local infiltration analgesia (LIA) is an effective pain management technique following total knee arthroplasty (TKA).
Objective: To investigate if LIA provides better analgesia for patients undergoing unilateral TKA than intrathecal morphine.
Design: Randomised controlled trial.
Background: Axillary and infraclavicular brachial plexus blocks are commonly used for upper limb surgery. Clinicians require information on the relative benefits of each to make a rational selection for specific patients and procedures.
Objectives: The main objective of the study was to compare axillary and infraclavicular brachial plexus block in terms of the incidence and severity of tourniquet pain.
BMJ Open
October 2018
Background: Training procedural skills using proficiency-based progression (PBP) methodology has consistently resulted in error reduction. We hypothesised that implementation of metric-based PBP training and a valid assessment tool would decrease the failure rate of epidural analgesia during labour when compared to standard simulation-based training.
Methods: Detailed, procedure-specific metrics for labour epidural catheter placement were developed based on carefully elicited expert input.