Non-operative Management of a Rare Segmental Clavicle Fracture in an Adolescent Patient: A Case Report.

A 12-year-old Caucasian male presented to the clinic with a displaced, segmental left clavicle fracture involving the distal clavicle after falling from a zip line. He was treated non-operatively in a sling and returned to normal activities without restrictions after three months. At one year, the patient was able to maintain his pre-injury baseline function without limitations of his left shoulder.

Simplified soft tissue coverage of the distal lower extremity: The reverse sural flap.

Soft tissue defects involving the distal lower extremity present challenging problems for orthopaedic surgeons to manage. Historically, wounds not amenable to primary closure have necessitated assistance from multidisciplinary teams using plastic surgeons to obtain adequate soft tissue coverage through rotational flap or free tissue transfer procedures. Techniques related to soft tissue rearrangement and local rotational flap coverage have advanced over the years with a growing knowledge of local anatomy and vasculature.

Tibial Bone Transport With a Single Implant All-Internal Bone Transport Nail.

A single implant all-internal magnet-driven bone transport nail (BTN-NuVasive Specialized Orthopaedics Inc) has recently been introduced as a treatment method for segmental tibial bone defects. This innovation provides promise in the management of segmental bone defects because it negates numerous complications associated with circular external fixation and the need for multiple implants when considering hybrid plate-assisted bone segment transport constructs. Given the novelty of the BTN, description of the surgical application and patient outcome measures are scarce in the current literature.

Variant Salter-Harris Type III Distal Ulna "T" Fracture in the Setting of Galeazzi Equivalent Wrist Injury: A Case Report.

Case: An 11-year-old Caucasian boy presented to the emergency department with a displaced, closed, Galeazzi equivalent (GE) left wrist fracture sustained after a fall. Closed reduction was deemed unsatisfactory because of persistent displacement of the distal ulna epiphysis. An open reduction of the distal ulna and percutaneous fracture pinning was performed.

Posttraumatic Soft Tissue Coverage of the Lower Leg for the Orthopedic Surgeon.

Soft tissue reconstructive techniques are powerful tools for the orthopedic surgeon caring for lower extremity trauma. This article seeks to inform orthopedic surgeons about useful techniques for skin closure, secondary wound closure techniques, and rotational flaps of the lower leg. Split thickness skin grafting, piecrusting, and the use of negative pressure wound therapy for skin closure, as well as rotational gastrocnemius, soleus, and reverse sural artery flaps are discussed with emphasis on techniques for the nonvascular and nonmicrovascular orthopedic surgeon.

Molecular Design Principles for Near-Infrared Absorbing and Emitting Indolizine Dyes.

Desirable components for dye-sensitzed solar cell (DSC) sensitizers and fluorescent imaging dyes include strong donating building blocks coupled with well-balanced acceptor functionalities for absorption beyond the visible range. We have evaluated the effects of increasing acceptor strengths and incorporation of dye morphology controlling groups on molar absorptivity and absorption breadth with indolizine donor-based dyes. Indolizine-based D-A and D-π-A sensitizers incorporating bis-rhodanine, tricyanofuran (TCF), and cyanoacrylic acid functionalities were analyzed for performance in DSC devices.

A Computational and Experimental Study of Thieno[3,4-b]thiophene as a Proaromatic π-Bridge in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells.

Four D-π-A dyes (D=donor, A=accpetor) based on a 3,4-thienothiophene π-bridge were synthesized for use in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The proaromatic building block 3,4-thienothiophene is incorporated to stabilize dye excited-state oxidation potentials. This lowering of the excited-state energy levels allows for deeper absorption into the NIR region with relatively low molecular weight dyes.