The effect of hyperbaric oxygen on mitochondrial and glycolytic energy metabolism: the caloristasis concept.

We present new data on the effects of HBOT on human kidney (HK-2) cell metabolism using a SeaHorse XF Analyzer to evaluate separately the state of mitochondrial and glycolytic energy metabolism. The data are discussed in the context of the concept of cellular caloristasis networks. The information on the changes in cellular energy metabolism stimulated by HBOT presented here provides new insights into the cellular energy state and mitochondrial environment in which sHSPs function.

Early hyperbaric oxygen therapy improves survival in a model of severe sepsis.

Sepsis is a major clinical challenge, with therapy limited to supportive interventions. Therefore, the search for novel remedial approaches is of great importance. We addressed whether hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) could improve the outcome of sepsis using an acute experimental mouse model.

Might hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) reduce renal injury in diabetic people with diabetes mellitus? From preclinical models to human metabolomics.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is the leading cause of end-stage renal failure in the western world. Current treatment of diabetic kidney disease relies on nutritional management and drug therapies to achieve metabolic control. Here, we discuss the potential application of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) for the treatment of diabetic kidney disease (DKD), a treatment which requires patients to breathe in 100% oxygen at elevated ambient pressures.

Wound Healing Devices Brief Vignettes.

The demand for wound care therapies is increasing. New wound care products and devices are marketed at a dizzying rate. Practitioners must make informed decisions about the use of medical devices for wound healing therapy.

Principles and practice of hyperbaric medicine: a medical practitioner's primer, part I.

The purpose of this monograph is to narrow the knowledge gap between current medical practice and hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Graduate medical education has not kept pace with the expanding science and practice of hyperbaric medicine. The number of hyperbaric chambers in the state of Connecticut has increased by >400% during the past five years.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) suppresses biomarkers of cell stress and kidney injury in diabetic mice.

The disease burden from diabetic kidney disease is large and growing. Effective therapies are lacking, despite an urgent need. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) activates Nrf2 and cellular antioxidant defenses; therefore, it may be generally useful for treating conditions that feature chronic oxidative tissue damage.

Principles and practice of hyperbaric medicine: a medical practitioner's primer, part II.

Advances in the treatment of chronic wounds* have steadily occurred over the past decade and include the specialized use of dynamic compression therapy, implementation of moist wound care techniques, chronic lymphedema therapy, negative pressure wound therapy, arterial compression therapy and application of off-loading devices. General medical practitioners should recognize when timely patient referral to a comprehensive wound care center is indicated. The clinical practice of HBOT and its scientific basis has also advanced significantly during this same time period.

Peripheral neuropathy may increase the risk for asymptomatic otic barotrauma during hyperbaric oxygen therapy: research report.

Objective: Otic barotrauma (OBT) is an adverse event seen in patients receiving hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy. After encountering a case of painless tympanic perforation during HBO2 therapy of a diabetic patient with the diagnosis of neuropathic Wagner Grade III foot ulcer, we hypothesized that peripheral neuropathy of the lower extremity may be associated with an increased risk of asymptomatic OBT during HBO2 therapy.

Methods: The medical records of all HBO2 patients during a one-year period of time were reviewed.

Daily application of transdermal fentanyl patches in patients receiving hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is a treatment for a variety of conditions, particularly nonhealing wounds. The treatment requires the inhalation of pure oxygen in a sealed chamber that is pressurized to 1.5 to 3 times that of normal atmospheric pressure.

The Kent hospital Wound Recovery and Hyperbaric Medicine Center: a brief overview, 1998-2013.

A brief description of the Wound Recovery and Hyperbaric Medicine Center, now in its second decade of service, will inform the general medical community of this valuable asset. Demand for wound care services is predicted to grow steadily over the next several decades. Kent Hospital's vision for wound care is embodied in its thriving Wound Recovery and Hyperbaric Medicine Center.

Hyperbaric oxygen preconditioning protects skin from UV-A damage.

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) is used for a number of applications, including the treatment of diabetic foot ulcers and CO poisoning. However, we and others have shown that HBOT can mobilize cellular antioxidant defenses, suggesting that it may also be useful under circumstances in which tissue protection from oxidative damage is desired. To test the protective properties of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on a tissue level, we evaluated the ability of a preconditioning treatment regimen to protect cutaneous tissue from UV-A-induced oxidative damage.

Transcriptional pausing coordinates folding of the aptamer domain and the expression platform of a riboswitch.

Riboswitches are cis-acting elements that regulate gene expression by affecting transcriptional termination or translational initiation in response to binding of a metabolite. A typical riboswitch is made of an upstream aptamer domain and a downstream expression platform. Both domains participate in the folding and structural rearrangement in the absence or presence of its cognate metabolite.

Hyperbaric oxygen treatment induces antioxidant gene expression.

Although the underlying molecular causes of aging are not entirely clear, hormetic agents like exercise, heat, and calorie restriction may generate a mild pro-oxidant stress that induces cell protective responses to promote healthy aging. As an individual ages, many cellular and physiological processes decline, including wound healing and reparative angiogenesis. This is particularly critical in patients with chronic non-healing wounds who tend to be older.

Hyperbaric oxygen induces a cytoprotective and angiogenic response in human microvascular endothelial cells.

A genome-wide microarray analysis of gene expression was carried out on human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) exposed to hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) under conditions that approximated clinical settings. Highly up-regulated genes included immediate early transcription factors (FOS, FOSB, and JUNB) and metallothioneins. Six molecular chaperones were also up-regulated immediately following HBOT, and all of these have been implicated in protein damage control.

Effects of iron depletion on Entamoeba histolytica alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (EhADH2) and trophozoite growth: implications for antiamoebic therapy.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanism by which iron chelation affects the trophozoite survival of Entamoeba histolytica. Fe2+ is a cofactor for E. histolytica alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (EhADH2), an essential bifunctional enzyme [alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) and aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH)] in the glycolytic pathway of E.

Fluoroscopic radiation burn after embolization of a spinal arteriovenous malformation.

Fluoroscopic radiation burns are being reported with increasing frequency because of the rise in number and duration of procedures performed under fluoroscopic guidance. We report a fluoroscopic radiation burn to a patient's back after three separate attempts to embolize a symptomatic spinal arteriovenous malformation, requiring fasciocutaneous flaps to ultimately close the wound. Risk factors, physiology, and modifications to decrease fluoroscopic radiation burns are discussed.

Wound healing from a cellular stress response perspective.

This meeting review highlights areas of mutual interest to investigators in the cellular stress response field and to those carrying out wound-healing research. Inflammation, perhaps the major unifying theme of this meeting, is an essential component of the adult wound response and understanding the control of inflammation is a common interest shared with researchers of the cellular stress response. The particular interest of the authors of this review is in chronic non-healing wounds that frequently occur in patients with major illnesses such as diabetes and diseases of the blood vessels.

Heavy metal ions in normal physiology, toxic stress, and cytoprotection.

As a group, heavy metals include both those essential for normal biological functioning (e.g., Cu and Zn), and nonessential metals (e.

Major hepatic trauma: warm ischemic tolerance of the liver after hemorrhagic shock.

Background: The management of severe hepatic trauma frequently involves exposing the liver to varying periods of warm ischemia. The ischemic tolerance of the liver, in the setting of hemorrhagic shock (HS) and trauma, is presently unknown. We tested the hypothesis that warm ischemic tolerance of the porcine liver will be decreased following resuscitation from HS.

Reduction of nosocomial infections in the surgical intensive-care unit by strict glycemic control.

Objective: To investigate whether hyperglycemia in glucose-intolerant patients without diabetes could lead to increased nosocomial infections in the surgical intensive-care unit (ICU).

Methods: A prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial was conducted in the surgical ICU of a large teaching hospital in Hartford, Connecticut. Adult patients admitted to a 12-bed surgical ICU requiring treatment of hyperglycemia (glucose values > or = 140 mg/dL) were randomly assigned to receive standard insulin therapy (target glucose range, 180 to 220 mg/dL) or strict insulin therapy (target glucose range, 80 to 120 mg/dL) throughout their ICU stay.