Comprehensive 3DCRT Hypofractionated Radiotherapy Schedule for Localized Prostate Adenocarcinoma in the Era of IMRT: Dosimetric and Endoscopic Analysis.

Moderate hypofractionated radiotherapy (MHRT) has emerged as the preferred treatment modality for localized prostate cancer based on randomized controlled studies regarding efficacy and toxicity using contemporary radiotherapy techniques. In the setting of MHRT, available data on dosimetric parameters and late rectal toxicity are limited. To present the effects of MHRT on late rectal toxicity while conducting an extensive dosimetric analysis in conjunction with rectoscopy results.

Dosimetric comparison and evaluation of two computational algorithms in VMAT treatment plans.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the accuracy and dosimetric impact of the Acuros XB (AXB) algorithm compared to the Anisotropic Analytical Algorithm (AAA) in two situations. First, simple phantom geometries were set and analyzed; moreover, volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) clinical plans for Head & Neck and lung cases were calculated and compared.

Methods: First, a phantom study was performed to compare the algorithms with radiochromic EBT3 film doses using one PMMA slab phantom and two others containing foam or air gap.

Implementation of TG-218 for patient-specific quality assurance tolerance and action limits determination: Gamma passing rate evaluation using 3DVH software.

Purpose: To determine the tolerance limit (TL) and action limit (AL) of gamma passing rates (%GP) for volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT) patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) according to the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM) Task Group (TG)-218 recommendations, and to comparatively evaluate the clinical relevance of 2D %GP and 3D %GP.

Methods: PSQA was performed for 100 head and neck (H&N) and 73 prostate cancer VMAT treatment plans. Measurements were acquired using a cylindrical water equivalent phantom, hollow in the center, allowing measurements with homogeneous or heterogeneous inserts.

Low dose total skin electron beam therapy for the management of T cell cutaneous lymphomas.

Mycosis fungoides (MF) represent the most common type of primary cutaneous lymphomas. Total skin electron beam (TSEB) therapy to a total skin administered dose of 36 Gy represents a very effective treatment regimen and its role in the management of MF is well established. Unfortunately, the issue in MF is that despite the proved effectiveness of radiation therapy, disease regress, and the main goal of TSEB treatment seems to be the prolongation of the overall response duration time.

Probing the Effects of Ionizing Radiation on Young's Modulus of Human Erythrocytes Cytoskeleton using Atomic Force Microscopy.

Purpose/aim: In this work, we examined the possible effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on biomechanical properties of the membrane-cytoskeleton of human erythrocytes, after X-ray irradiation.

Materials And Methods: Whole human blood from three healthy middle-aged volunteers was drawn by venipuncture and stored in tubes containing anticoagulant. Six blood samples were collected for each volunteer.

Clinical application of Total Skin Electron Beam (TSEB) therapy for the management of T cell cutaneous lymphomas. The evolving role of low dose (12 Gy) treatment schedule.

Background & Purpose: Although rare, cutaneous lymphomas represent a separate entity in hematologic oncology. T cell origin lymphomas are most common, with Mycosis Fungoides (MF) accounting for about 50-70% of cases. Sezary Syndrome (SS), which represents the leukemic varian of MF, accounts for 3% of Cutaneous T Cell Lymphomas (CTCL).

A five split-field three dimensional conformal technique versus an anterior-posterior on in postoperative radiotherapy for gastric carcinoma: a multicenter comparative study using quality of life measurements as well as clinical and dosimetric parameters.

Purpose: Several adjuvant approaches are regarded as available options in the management of localized, resectable gastric cancer .The objective of our study was to evaluate multiple field and anteroposterior conformal technique.

Methods: Ninety-seven patients received three dimensional conformal (3DCRT) postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy for gastric carcinoma.

Toxicity and efficacy of a hypofractionated (3 weekly fractions of 850c Gy) irradiation schedule for stage IIIb / IV non-small cell lung cancer elderly patients with low performance status and unfit for chemotherapy.

Purpose: To evaluate in an observational way the clinical impact of a hypofractionated irradiation schedule in patients with unresectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Methods: Forty elderly patients (24 men/16 women) diagnosed with unresectable stage IIIb/IV NSCLC unfit for chemotherapy, were treated with once-a-week hypofractionation schedule. All patients had a poor performance status.

The impact of dose matrix and voxel dimensions to dose calculation for stereotactic radiosurgery.

Purpose: The purpose of the present study was the optimization of dose calculation for intracranial stereotactic radiosurgery.

Methods: We evaluated the Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) analysis as a novel optimization technique. Our approach to dose distribution optimization was to recover estimates of minibeams weights from well-defined provisional dose matrices.

Review of the three-field techniques in breast cancer radiotherapy.

Breast cancer is often treated with radiotherapy (RT), with two opposing tangential fields. When indicated, supraclavicular lymph nodes have to be irradiated, and a third anterior field is applied. The junction region has the potential to be over or underdosed.

A Retrospective Analysis of Toxicity and Efficacy for 2 Hypofractionated Irradiation Schedules Versus a Conventional One for Post-Mastectomy Adjuvant Radiotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Introduction: The aim of this analysis was a retrospective evaluation of the efficacy and toxicity of 2 hypofractionated irradiation schedules compared to conventional therapy in post-mastectomy patients.

Methods: 3 irradiation schedules were analyzed: 48.30 Gy in 21 fractions (group A, n = 60), 42.

Transformation of physical DVHs to radiobiologically equivalent ones in hypofractionated radiotherapy analyzing dosimetric and clinical parameters: a practical approach for routine clinical practice in radiation oncology.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to transform DVHs from physical to radiobiological ones as well as to evaluate their reliability by correlations of dosimetric and clinical parameters for 50 patients with prostate cancer and 50 patients with breast cancer, who were submitted to Hypofractionated Radiotherapy.

Methods And Materials: To achieve this transformation, we used both the linear-quadratic model (LQ model) and the Niemierko model. The outcome of radiobiological DVHs was correlated with acute toxicity score according to EORTC/RTOG criteria.

Measurement of systolic and diastolic arterial wall shear stress in the ascending aorta.

Purpose: Wall shear stress (WSS) appears to contribute significantly in the initiation and progression of atherosclerotic disease. The purpose of this work is to present in vivo systolic and diastolic WSS calculations in the human ascending aorta by the application of three straightforward methodologies based on Poiseuille's theory of flow.

Materials And Methods: Blood flow measurements were performed retrospectively in the ascending aorta of 20 non-atherosclerotic patients using phase-contrast MRI.