The persistent problem of persistent air-leaks: approach to management.

Purpose Of Review: Persistent air leaks, defined as an air leak extending beyond 5 days, pose a significant challenge for cardiothoracic surgeons and pulmonologists. Although current guidelines advocate for surgical intervention as the primary treatment, many patients may not suitable candidates for immediate return to the operating room. Alternatively, conservative management, which involves watchful waiting for pleural healing, often results in prolonged hospital stays and increased morbidity.