Scopoletin: A Validated Protector against Cerulein-induced Acute Pancreatitis & Associated Lung Injury by Regulating PPAR- γ "A Multidimensional Approach".

Our previous study established the effectiveness of scopoletin (SC) in protecting mice against acute pancreatitis (AP) induced by cerulein and subsequent pulmonary injury. However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying SC protective effects have yet to be elucidated. This research suggests that SC reduces the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) by activating the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in mice suffering from AP.

Effect of yoga intervention on biochemical, oxidative stress markers, inflammatory markers and sleep quality among subjects with type 2 diabetes in South India: Results from the SATYAM project.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of yoga intervention on the biochemical, oxidative stress markers and inflammatory markers and sleep quality among subjects with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: Subjects with type 2 diabetes attending a tertiary care centre for diabetes during Feb 2017 to Oct 2019 in Chennai, India were randomly assigned to two different groups. Group1(non-Yoga) (n = 150) was advised on simple physical exercises whereas group2(Yoga) (n = 150) was trained and advised to do yogasanas with static loosening exercises for 50 min for 5 days in a week.

Crosstalk between endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress in the progression of diabetic nephropathy.

Increasing evidence in substantiating the roles of endoplasmic reticulum stress, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses and their interplay is evident in various diseases. However, an in-depth mechanistic understanding of the crosstalk between the intracellular stress signaling pathways and inflammatory responses and their participation in disease progression has not yet been explored. Progress has been made in our understanding of the cross talk and integrated stress signaling network between endoplasmic reticulum stress and oxidative stress towards the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.

LPS-induced Apoptosis is Partially Mediated by Hydrogen Sulphide in RAW 264.7 Murine Macrophages.

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces apoptosis in murine macrophages through the autocrine secretion of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nitric oxide (NO). LPS-induced inflammation in murine macrophages is associated with hydrogen sulfide (HS) production. In this present study, we reported the novel role of HS in LPS-induced apoptosis and its underlying molecular mechanism specifically at late phases in murine macrophage cells.

Putative Systemic Biomarkers of Biomass Smoke-Induced Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Women in a Rural South Indian Population.

Rationale: Exposure to biomass smoke () has been implicated in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (). About 3 billion people worldwide use biomass fuel for cooking and heating. Women in rural communities of low- and lower-middle-income countries are disproportionately exposed to massive amounts of BMS during active cooking hours (4-6 h/day).

A candidate gene identification strategy utilizing mouse to human big-data mining: "3R-tenet" in COPD genetic research.

Background: Early life impairments leading to lower lung function by adulthood are considered as risk factors for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Recently, we compared the lung transcriptomic profile between two mouse strains with extreme total lung capacities to identify plausible pulmonary function determining genes using microarray analysis (GSE80078). Advancement of high-throughput techniques like deep sequencing (eg.

Transcriptomic analysis comparing mouse strains with extreme total lung capacities identifies novel candidate genes for pulmonary function.

Background: Failure to attain peak lung function by early adulthood is a risk factor for chronic lung diseases. Previously, we reported that C3H/HeJ mice have about twice total lung capacity (TLC) compared to JF1/MsJ mice. We identified seven lung function quantitative trait loci (QTL: Lfnq1-Lfnq7) in backcross/intercross mice derived from these inbred strains.

Assessment of the Role of Noni () Juice for Inducing Osteoblast Differentiation in Isolated Rat Bone Marrow Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Background And Objectives: (Noni), an important traditional medicinal plant still used in patients with bone fractures or dislocation to promote connective tissue repair and to reduce inflammation. However, the effects of Noni on bone metabolism and whether it influences the osteogenic differentiation is yet to be clarified. In this study, we investigated the effect of (Noni) juice on the proliferation rate of rat bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) and the osteoblastic differentiation as shown by alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteocalcin (OCN) mRNA expression .

Novel phenanthridine (PHE-4i) derivative inhibits carrageenan-induced rat hind paw oedema through suppression of hydrogen sulfide.

This study was conducted to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of a novel synthesized phenanthridine alkaloid (PHE-4i) and to examine the possible involvement of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in anti-inflammatory mechanism. The synthesized phenanthridine derivative PHE-4i (2, 5, and 10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally to rats. One hour following treatment, inflammation was induced by intraplantar injection of carrageenan (1 %), in the hind paw.

Ultrafine carbon particle mediated cardiovascular impairment of aged spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Background: Studies provide compelling evidences for particulate matter (PM) associated cardiovascular health effects. Elderly individuals, particularly those with preexisting conditions like hypertension are regarded to be vulnerable. Experimental data are warranted to reveal the molecular pathomechanism of PM related cardiovascular impairments among aged/predisposed individuals.

Secreted phosphoprotein 1 is a determinant of lung function development in mice.

Secreted phosphoprotein 1 (Spp1) is located within quantitative trait loci associated with lung function that was previously identified by contrasting C3H/HeJ and JF1/Msf mouse strains that have extremely divergent lung function. JF1/Msf mice with diminished lung function had reduced lung SPP1 transcript and protein during the peak stage of alveologenesis (postnatal day [P]14-P28) as compared with C3H/HeJ mice. In addition to a previously identified genetic variant that altered runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) binding in the Spp1 promoter, we identified another promoter variant in a putative RUNX2 binding site that increased the DNA protein binding.

Oxidative stress in experimental rodent corneas infected with aflatoxigenic and nonaflatoxigenic Aspergillus flavus.

Purpose: To seek a possible association between aflatoxigenicity and oxidative stress in keratitis caused by Aspergillus flavus in an experimental rodent model.

Methods: Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups of 6 each. Group 1 served as mock-inoculated controls.

Deciphering the potential efficacy of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) in maintaining connexin-mediated lenticular homeostasis.

Purpose: To determine the putative role of acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) in maintaining normal intercellular communication in the lens through connexin.

Methods: In the present study, Wistar rat pups were divided into 3 groups of eight each. On postpartum day ten, Group I rat pups received an intraperitoneal injection (50 µl) of 0.

Expression of genes of the aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway in Aspergillus flavus isolates from keratitis.

Purpose: To document transcriptional activation (expression) of key aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway genes in corneal isolates of Aspergillus flavus.

Methods: The expression of certain regulatory (aflatoxin regulatory [aflR] and aflatoxin J [aflJ]) and structural (polyketide synthase acetate [pksA] and norsolonic acid-1 [nor-1]) genes in four corneal A. flavus isolates was evaluated by reverse transcription PCR.

Keratitis due to Aspergillus flavus: clinical profile, molecular identification of fungal strains and detection of aflatoxin production.

Purpose: To document the clinical profile of patients with keratitis due to Aspergillus flavus and to elaborate on differences in the aflatoxin-producing potential of keratitis strains versus environmental strains of A. flavus.

Methods: Over a 6-month period, strains of Aspergillus flavus were isolated in culture from corneal scrape or biopsy material of patients who presented with suppurative keratitis (clinical isolates).

Heterologous expression of oxalate decarboxylase in Lactobacillus plantarum NC8.

Lactic acid bacteria (LABs) are being used as a probiotic very often for various enteric problems. Many genetically modified LABs are created by different workers for various novel applications. In this study we examine the expression of heterologous oxalate decarboxylase (oxdc) in Lactobacillus plantarum NC8.