Cryptococcal and Antigen Screening Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Ghana and Comparative Analysis of OIDx Lateral Flow Assay and IMMY Enzyme Immunoassay.

Background: Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) and disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) are common in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWH) and diagnosed by detecting cryptococcal antigen (CrAg) and antigen (HistoAg), respectively. In Ghana, CM and DH are rarely suspected by clinicians due to limited epidemiological data.

Methods: This study was conducted among PWH in Ghana who are unwell.

Antimicrobial prophylaxis does not improve post-surgical outcomes in SIV/SHIV-uninfected or SIV/SHIV-infected macaques (Macaca mulatta and Macaca fascicularis) based on a retrospective analysis.

Surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis is indicated when performing contaminated surgeries, when specific surgical implants are placed, and for prolonged surgical procedures. Unnecessary prophylactic antibiotics are often utilized for macaque surgeries, despite medical and veterinary guidelines. In this study we compared complication rates in macaques receiving peripheral lymph node (PLN) and laparoscopic biopsies, with and without antimicrobial prophylaxis.