Frank Hartley and his Contribution to Surgery.

Although Frank Hartley (1856-1913) was mostly known as the deviser of the method of bisecting the ganglion of the trigeminal nerve within the skull for the relief of facial neuralgia, it should be noted that he had also done very important work in the surgical treatment of goiter which was neglected at his times but later followed by his successors. Furthermore, he also had interest in the surgical treatment of clubfoot and the exstrophy of the bladder.

Adrianus Spigelius' (1578 - 1625) Ocular Anatomy.

The aim was to study Adriaan van den Spiegel's ideas on ocular anatomy. He is better known by his Latinized name as Adrianus Spigelius (1578 - 1625). He was a Flemish physician and anatomist who lived and worked in Padua, where in 1605 he was elected to be Professor of Anatomy and Surgery.