Cyber-agricultural systems for crop breeding and sustainable production.

The cyber-agricultural system (CAS) represents an overarching framework of agriculture that leverages recent advances in ubiquitous sensing, artificial intelligence, smart actuators, and scalable cyberinfrastructure (CI) in both breeding and production agriculture. We discuss the recent progress and perspective of the three fundamental components of CAS - sensing, modeling, and actuation - and the emerging concept of agricultural digital twins (DTs). We also discuss how scalable CI is becoming a key enabler of smart agriculture.

Evaluation of a single-dose, extended-release epidural morphine formulation for pain after knee arthroplasty.

Background: DepoDur is a single-dose, extended-release epidural morphine formulation designed to provide forty-eight hours of pain relief. The drug offers potential advantages over continuous epidural infusions, particularly in patients being treated with anticoagulation therapy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of single-dose epidural DepoDur for pain control following knee arthroplasty.