Performance Evaluation of the Solo-T and the Combat Application Tourniquet in a Perfused Cadaver Model.

Purpose: We evaluated a 10.2-cm-wide, minimally elastic, adhesive wrap-based tourniquet (Solo-T or ST) alongside a 3.8-cm-wide windlass-based tourniquet (Combat Application Tourniquet Generation 7, or CAT) to determine if the tension wrap-tightened ST could deliver hemorrhage control equivalent to the windlass-tightened CAT.

antimicrobial effects of chlorhexidine diacetate versus chlorhexidine free base dressings.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial performance of a chlorhexidine diacetate dressing and a chlorhexidine free base dressing to determine if the free base form of chlorhexidine has the potential to be an effective alternative to the chlorhexidine salts used in conventional, chlorhexidine-based antimicrobial dressings.

Method: Dressing samples were inoculated with clinically relevant pathogenic microorganisms including Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, yeasts and fungus, and subsequently evaluated for log reduction at 1-, 3-, and 7-day time points. Chlorhexidine mole content was also calculated as a function of dressing surface area for both sample types to allow for formulation-independent comparison between the dressings.

Curing induced structural reorganization and enhanced reactivity of amino-terminated organic thin films on solid substrates: observations of two types of chemically and structurally unique amino groups on the surface.

Infrared-visible sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG) was used to characterize the structure of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) films deposited on solid substrates under controlled experimental conditions for the first time. Our SFG spectra in combination with complementary analytical data showed that APTES films undergo structural changes when cured at an elevated temperature. Before the films are cured, well-ordered hydrophobic ethoxy groups are dominantly present on the surface.

An SFG study of interfacial amino acids at the hydrophilic SiO2 and hydrophobic deuterated polystyrene surfaces.

Sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy was employed to characterize the interfacial structure of eight individual amino acids--L-phenylalanine, L-leucine, glycine, L-lysine, L-arginine, L-cysteine, L-alanine, and L-proline--in aqueous solution adsorbed at model hydrophilic and hydrophobic surfaces. Specifically, SFG vibrational spectra were obtained for the amino acids at the solid-liquid interface between both hydrophobic d(8)-polystyrene (d(8)-PS) and SiO(2) model surfaces and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) at pH 7.4.

An investigation of the influence of chain length on the interfacial ordering of L-lysine and L-proline and their homopeptides at hydrophobic and hydrophilic interfaces studied by sum frequency generation and quartz crystal microbalance.

Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG) and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring (QCM-D) are employed to study the interfacial structure and adsorbed amount of the amino acids L-lysine and L-proline and their corresponding homopeptides, poly-L-lysine and poly-L-proline, at two liquid-solid interfaces. SFG and QCM-D experiments of these molecules are carried out at the interface between phosphate buffered saline at pH 7.4 (PBS) and the hydrophobic deuterated polystyrene (d8-PS) surface as well as the interface between PBS and hydrophilic fused silica (SiO2).

Sum frequency generation vibrational spectra: the influence of experimental geometry for an absorptive medium or media.

The influence of experimental geometry on infrared total internal reflection surface sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectra at the water/solid interface has been examined. A detailed analysis of the experimental geometry revealed that the enhancement of SFG signal for the "critical angle" can be much weaker than previously thought if the index of refraction of the transmitted or reflected medium is treated as a complex value (i.e.

A new optical parametric amplifier based on lithium thioindate used for sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopic studies of the amide I mode of an interfacial model peptide.

We describe a new optical parametric amplifier (OPA) that employs lithium thioindate, LiInS2 (LIS), to create tunable infrared light between 1500 cm(-1) and 2000 cm(-1). The OPA based on LIS described within provides intense infrared light with a good beam profile relative to similar OPAs built on silver gallium sulfide, AgGaS2 (AGS), or silver gallium selenide, AgGaSe2 (AGSe). We have used the new LIS OPA to perform surface-specific sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy of the amide I vibrational mode of a model peptide at the hydrophobic deuterated polystyrene (d8-PS)-phosphate buffered saline interface.