A retrospective review of notified human cryptosporidiosis cases in the Waikato region of New Zealand, 2004 to 2011.

Aim: To retrospectively review notified human cryptosporidiosis cases in the Waikato region of New Zealand between 2004 and 2011 and to identify risk factors for human cryptosporidiosis infection.

Method: Waikato cryptosporidiosis notification data for the period 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2011 were analysed to identify any trends in the rates and distribution of key variables. A comparison was made between urban and rural dwelling cases.

A retrospective review of notified human leptospirosis cases in the Waikato region of New Zealand, 2004 to 2010.

Aim: To retrospectively review notified human leptospirosis cases in the Waikato region of New Zealand between 2004 and 2010 and to identify risk factors for human leptospirosis infection.

Method: Waikato leptospirosis notification data for the period 1 January 2004 to 31 December 2010 were analysed to identify any trends in the rates and distribution of key variables.

Results: Annual Waikato leptospirosis notification rates were consistently higher than national rates.

Direct interface of chemistry to microbiological systems: membrane inlet mass spectrometry.

Direct measurement of dissolved gases and low molecular weight volatiles through permeable membranes (e.g. 50-microm-thick silicone rubber), provides an invaluable tool for the investigation of the activities of microorganisms in the laboratory and in their natural environments.