Construction of an In Vitro Air-Liquid Interface Exposure System to Assess the Toxicological Impact of Gas and Particle Phase of Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds.

Anthropogenic activities and industrialization render continuous human exposure to semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs) inevitable. Occupational monitoring and safety implementations consider the inhalation exposure of SVOCs as critically relevant. Due to the inherent properties of SVOCs as gas/particle mixtures, risk assessment strategies should consider particle size-segregated SVOC association and the relevance of released gas phase fractions.

In vitro genotoxicity of dibutyl phthalate on A549 lung cells at air-liquid interface in exposure concentrations relevant at workplaces.

The ubiquitous use of phthalates in various materials and the knowledge about their potential adverse effects is of great concern for human health. Several studies have uncovered their role in carcinogenic events and suggest various phthalate-associated adverse health effects that include pulmonary diseases. However, only limited information on pulmonary toxicity is available considering inhalation of phthalates as the route of exposure.

Novel Graphene Wool Gas Adsorbent for Volatile and Semivolatile Organic Compounds.

Volatile and semivolatile organic compounds in ambient air and occupational settings are of great concern due to their associated adverse human health and environmental impacts. Novel graphene wool samplers have been developed and tested to overcome limitations of commercially available sorbents that can only be used once and typically require solvent extraction. Graphene wool (GW) was synthesized by non-catalytic chemical vapor deposition with optimized conditions, resulting in a novel fibrous graphene wool that is very easy to manage and less rigid than other forms of graphene, lending itself to a wide range of potential applications.

Development of a Personal Aerosol Sampler for Monitoring the Particle-Vapour Fractionation of SVOCs in Workplaces.

Semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs), partitioned between particulates and vapours of an aerosol, require special attention. The toxicological effects caused by the inhalation of such aerosols may depend on the concentration and in which phase the organic compounds are found. A personal denuder-gas-particle separation aerosol sampler was developed to provide information about the partitioning of aerosols from organic compounds.

Carbonaceous Monolithic Multi-Channel Denuders as Vapour-Particle Partitioning Tools for the Occupational Sampling of Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds.

Denuders are gas-particle partitioning tools and can be used in combination with filters and adsorbers for phase-separated collection of hazardous semi-volatile organic compound (SVOC) aerosols. Here, we investigated the suitability of carbonaceous monolithic multi-channel denuders for this approach. Particle transmission efficiency through the denuders was investigated using particles of polystyrene latex (PSL) and droplets of n-hexadecane and diethylene glycol.

Multi-channel silicone rubber traps as denuders for gas-particle partitioning of aerosols from semi-volatile organic compounds.

During many measurements it is important to account for possible changes in the gas-particle distribution of aerosols containing semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). If denuders are combined with currently used personal air samplers, a simultaneous differential sampling of the gas and particle phase is possible. Here we analysed the transmission efficiency of denuders based on multi-channel silicone rubber traps (setup: 9 cm long glass liner (ID 4 mm), containing 22 parallel silicone rubber tubes (55 mm long, ID 0.

Development and field testing of a miniaturized sampling system for simultaneous sampling of vapours and droplets.

The sampling of semi volatiles (SV) in workplaces may lead to different results as measurements may be affected by sampling bias. The new European Standard EN 13936 defines "semi-volatiles" as substances with vapour pressures in the range between 0.001 and 100 Pa at room temperature.

An evaluation of the "GGP" personal samplers under semi-volatile aerosols: sampling losses and their implication on occupational risk assessment.

Semi-volatile (SV) aerosols still represent an important challenge to occupational hygienists due to toxicological and sampling issues. Particularly problematic is the sampling of hazardous SV that are present in both particulate and vapour phases at a workplace. In this study we investigate the potential evaporation losses of SV aerosols when using off-line filter-adsorber personal samplers.