Tocilizumab improves clinical outcome in patients with active corticosteroid-resistant moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy: an observational study.

Background: Graves' orbitopathy (GO) is an autoimmune disorder affecting the orbital fat and muscles. A significant role of IL-6 in the pathogenesis of GO has been described and tocilizumab (TCZ), an IL-6 inhibitor targeting IL-6R has been given in some patients. The aim of our case study was to evaluate the therapeutic outcome of TCZ in non-responders to first line treatments with corticosteroids.

Congenital orbital teratoma: a case report with preservation of the globe and 18 years of follow-up.

Background: Congenital orbital teratomas are extremely rare, usually benign neoplasms, comprised of cells originating from all three germ cell layers. Clinically the tumor appears solid, most of the times is intraconal and presents as a rapidly growing mass leading to a massive unilateral axial proptosis, chemosis, exposure keratopathy, markedly distended eyelids and often, loss of vision. To prevent these complications, tumor excision usually involves enucleation or even orbital exenteration.