Changes in Lifestyle Behaviors, Shopping Habits and Body Weight Among Adults in Cyprus and Greece During COVID-19 Lockdown: A Cross-Sectional Study.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, people were asked to stay at home. Places where people interacted such as schools, universities, and cafes were closed, and all gatherings were forbidden. Only stores offering fast-moving consumer goods were open, so citizens could purchase all food categories.

Evaluating the evening carbohydrate dilemma: the effect of within-the-day carbohydrate periodization on body composition and physical fitness.

Purpose: To assess the effects of carbohydrate timing and type on body composition and physical fitness.

Methods: Forty-two healthy, trained male volunteers underwent a four-week intervention, randomly divided into three groups: (i) Sleep Low-No Carbohydrates (SL-NCHO): consuming all carbohydrate intake at regular intervals prior to evening training, (ii) Sleep High-Low Glycemic Index (SH-LGI), and (iii) Sleep High-High Glycemic Index (SH-HGI). In both SH-LGI and SH-HGI, carbohydrates were distributed throughout the day, both pre-(60% of total intake) and post-evening training (40% of total intake).

Effects of Supplementation with Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Antioxidant Vitamins, Combined with High-Intensity Functional Training, on Exercise Performance and Body Composition: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a supplement rich in ω-3 and ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and antioxidant vitamins on physical performance and body composition following a period of high-intensity functional training (HIFT). Nineteen healthy young adults (nine males, ten females) underwent an 8-week HIFT program (3 days·week) where they were randomized 1:1 into either the supplement group (SG)- = 10, receiving a 20 mL daily dose of a dietary cocktail formula (Neuroaspis™ PLP10) containing a mixture of ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs (12,150 mg), vitamin A (0.6 mg), vitamin E (22 mg), and γ-tocopherol (760 mg)-or the placebo group (PG)- = 9, receiving a 20 mL daily dose of virgin olive oil.

The Effect of Chronic Dietary Protein Manipulation on Amino Acids' Profile and Position Sense in the Elderly Suffering from Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Dietary protein with adequate essential amino acids effectively stimulates protein synthesis and improves muscle mass. Musculoskeletal disorders in lower or upper limbs are not uncommon among patients with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, this study primarily examines the effects of chronic dietary protein manipulation on amino acids' profile and position sense in the elderly suffering from T2DM.

The effect of chrono-nutritional manipulation of carbohydrate intake on sleep macrostructure: A randomized controlled trial.

Background & Aims: Over the years, there is a rapid increase in the prevalence of inadequate sleep and its detrimental consequences. Yet, the impact of prolonged nutritional interventions on sleep optimization remains unexplored. To examine the effect of carbohydrate manipulation combined with exercise training on sleep macro-structure.

The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Co-Supplementation on Resting Metabolic Rate, Thyroid Function, Physical Fitness, and Functional Capacity in Overweight and Obese People under a Hypocaloric Diet: A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Evidence of the effectiveness of zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) on resting metabolic rate (RMR) and physical function parameters in people with overweight and obesity is scarce, while the effects of zinc and selenium on thyroid function and body composition are still a topic of debate and controversy. The aim of this randomized, double-blind, and placebo-controlled trial was to examine the effects of a hypocaloric diet and Se-Zn co-supplementation on RMR, thyroid function, body composition, physical fitness, and functional capacity in overweight or obese individuals. Twenty-eight overweight-obese participants (mean BMI: 29.

The Addition of High-Load Resistance Exercises to a High-Intensity Functional Training Program Elicits Further Improvements in Body Composition and Strength: A Randomized Trial.

The current study aimed to examine the effects of adding specific high-load resistance exercises to a high-intensity functional training (HIFT) program on healthy adults’ physical fitness and body composition. Twenty recreationally active volunteers (30 ± 4 y, 12 females, 8 males) were randomly assigned to either a HIFT-control (HIFT-C, n = 10) or HIFT-power (HIFT-P, n = 10) group and trained three times per week for eight weeks. The HIFT-C protocol included four rounds of an 8-exercise circuit (30:15 s work: rest, 2 min rest after the second round).

Effect of supplementation on Exercise-Induced Oxidative Stress and Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness Markers: A Pilot Study.

L. contains compounds with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, but its effects on exercise-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory responses are unclear. The aim of this study was to examine whether L.

Exploring the Associations between Functional Capacity, Cognitive Function and Well-Being in Older Adults.

Background: The present study aimed to explore the associations between functional capacity and global cognition, executive function and well-being in older adults. Methods: Ninety-seven older adults (age 80.6 ± 8.

The Effects of Zinc and Selenium Supplementation on Body Composition and Thyroid Function in Individuals with Overweight or Obesity: A Systematic Review.

People with obesity have been found to have lower zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se) circulatory levels and abnormal thyroid function than people with normal weight. Studies about the effects of Zn and Se supplementation on body composition and thyroid function of overweight-obese people showed inconsistent results. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials was conducted to determine the effects of Ζn supplementation, Se supplementation, and their combination on body composition and thyroid function of individuals with overweight or obesity.

Effects of Oral Creatine Supplementation on Power Output during Repeated Treadmill Sprinting.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of creatine (Cr) supplementation on power output during repeated sprints on a non-motorized treadmill. Sixteen recreationally active males volunteered for this study (age 25.5 ± 4.

Association of Body Composition with Functional Capacity and Cognitive Function in Older Adults Living in Nursing Homes.

Background: Older adults living in nursing homes have an increased risk of adverse outcomes. However, the role of body composition in vital health and quality of life parameters such as functional capacity and cognitive function is less studied in this group of older adults compared to community-dwelling counterparts.

Objective: The aim of the present study was to examine the association of body composition with functional capacity and cognitive function in nursing home residents.

The effect of a three month, low-load- high-repetitions group-based exercise program versus pilates on physical fitness and body composition in inactive women.

Objective: Both low-load-high-repetitions (LLHR) and Pilates programs constitute popular forms of exercise, accompanied by health benefits for the participants involved. Notably, the effect of such programs on aerobic fitness is still controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of both programs on physical fitness and body composition on previously inactive adult women.

A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis and Meta-Regression on the Effects of Carbohydrates on Sleep.

This study aimed to assess the effects of quantity, quality and periodization of carbohydrates consumption on sleep. PubMed, SCOPUS and Cochrane Library were searched through October 2020. Data were pooled using random-effects meta-analysis.

Effects of Dehydration on Archery Performance, Subjective Feelings and Heart Rate during a Competition Simulation.

This study aimed to investigate the effect of dehydration on archery performance, subjective feelings and heart rate response. Ten national level archers performed two archery competition simulations, once under euhydration (EUH) and once in a dehydrated state (DEH), induced by 24-h reduced fluid intake. Hydration status was verified prior to each trial by urine specific gravity (USG ≥ 1.

Prevalence of hypohydration in adolescents during the school day in Cyprus: seasonal variations.

Background: Evidence on the hydration status of adolescents and seasonal and time variations is scarce.

Aims: This study aimed to assess variations in the hydration status and total water intake of adolescents in Cyprus between winter and summer and between the morning and end of the school day. Subjective feelings and cognitive function associated with hypohydration were also examined.

A critical review on sleep assessment methodologies in athletic populations: factors to be considered.

A growing body of research focus on athletes' sleep in order to investigate the effects of sleep in sports performance and recovery or the prevalence of sleep disorders in athletes. At the same time, several sleep monitoring tools have been developed and used in athletic populations for fulfilling these purposes. This review aimed to provide critical assessment to the most used by athletes' methodological approaches and compared them with the gold standard approach.

The effect of evening cycling at different intensities on sleep in healthy young adults with intermediate chronobiological phenotype: A randomized, cross-over trial.

This study investigated the effect of various cycling intensities on sleep-related parameters in healthy young adults with intermediate chronobiological phenotype. Ten recreationally trained male volunteers underwent an evening i) moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT; 45 min at 70% W), ii) high-intensity interval training (HIIT; 10 × 1 min at 90% W), iii) sprint interval training (SIT; 6 × 20 sec at 140% W) or iv) a non-exercise (CON) trial in randomized, counter-balanced and crossover order. At baseline, somatometric data, maximum oxygen uptake and chronotype were evaluated.

Deconstructing athletes' sleep: A systematic review of the influence of age, sex, athletic expertise, sport type, and season on sleep characteristics.

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to describe objective sleep parameters for athletes under different conditions and address potential sleep issues in this specific population.

Methods: PubMed and Scopus were searched from inception to April 2019. Included studies measured sleep only via objective evaluation tools such as polysomnography or actigraphy.

High-Intensity Functional Training Improves Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Neuromuscular Performance Without Inflammation or Muscle Damage.

Posnakidis, G, Aphamis, G, Giannaki, CD, Mougios, V, Aristotelous, P, Samoutis, G, and Bogdanis, GC. High-intensity functional training improves cardiorespiratory fitness and neuromuscular performance without inflammation or muscle damage. J Strength Cond Res 36(3): 615-623, 2022-We examined the effects of high-intensity functional training (HIFT) on cardiorespiratory and neuromuscular performance, as well as on inflammatory and muscle damage markers.

The Effects of a 6-Month High Dose Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Antioxidant Vitamins Supplementation on Cognitive Function and Functional Capacity in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment.

The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a high-dose omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids supplementation, in combination with antioxidant vitamins, on cognitive function and functional capacity of older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), over a 6-month period in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Forty-six older adults with MCI (age: 78.8 ± 7.

Hydration status, total water intake and subjective feelings of adolescents living in a hot environment, during a typical school day.

Aim: Individuals living in a hot environment appear to face increased risk of dehydration. Currently there is not extensive literature on the adolescent population in relation to hydration. The aim of the present study was to assess hydration status and total water intake (TWI) at school, of adolescents living in a hot environment, and to investigate the association of hydration and TWI with various subjective feelings.

Effects of High vs. Low Glycemic Index of Post-Exercise Meals on Sleep and Exercise Performance: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Counterbalanced Polysomnographic Study.

The aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of the glycemic index of post-exercise meals on sleep quality and quantity, and assess whether those changes could affect the next day's exercise performance. Following a baseline/familiarization phase, 10 recreationally trained male volunteers (23.2 ± 1.