Avoiding implant-related complications in medically compromised patients with or without unhealthy lifestyle/Elevated oxidative stress.

Increased human life expectancy broadens the alternatives for missing teeth and played a role in the widespread use of dental implants and related augmentation procedures for the aging population. Though, many of these patients may have one or more diseases. These systemic conditions may directly lead to surgical complications, compromise implant/bone healing, or influence long-term peri-implant health and its response to biologic nuisances.

Influence of Implant Length and Associated Parameters Upon Biomechanical Forces in Finite Element Analyses: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: The aim of this systematic review is to provide an overview of finite element analyses comparing standard and short dental implants concerning biomechanical properties and to detect the most relevant parameters affecting periimplant stress concentrations.

Material And Methods: After screening the literature and assessment of studies, 36 studies were included in this review.

Results: Eighty-three percent of the studies state that short dental implants have to bear higher stress concentrations compared with standard length implants.

The influence of crown-to-implant ratio on marginal bone levels around splinted short dental implants: A radiological and clincial short term analysis.

Background: The amount of marginal bone resorption around dental implants is considered to have a significant impact on implant stability as well as implant survival rates.

Purpose: The aim of this prospective study was to investigate the influence of prosthetic as well as patient specific factors on marginal bone loss around short dental implants.

Materials And Methods: Seventy-six implants, which supported splinted crowns were included for investigation.

Crestal Sinus Augmentation with Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2: Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes of 2-Year Pilot Trial.

Purpose: Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2) together with an absorbable collagen carrier (ACS) was approved for augmentation of the maxillary sinus prior to implant placement. The original registration trial was based on a lateral window approach. Clinical outcomes of crestal sinus augmentation with rhBMP-2 have not been reported so far.

Effectiveness of subperiosteal bone anchor (Onplant) placement in the anterior highly atrophic maxilla for cross-arch prosthetic rehabilitation: Results from a pilot study.

Purpose: The present prospective pilot study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of Onplants (Onplant Orthodontic System) off label use in the highly atrophic edentulous maxillae of adult patients to avoid bone grafting and conventional dental or zygomatic implants.

Material And Methods: Two Onplants were placed subperiosteally in the anterior part of the hard palate in five adult patients presenting a highly atrophic edentulous maxilla, class V or VI, according to Cawood and Howell. After a healing period of 4 months the prosthetic procedures were started.

Trends in techniques to avoid bone augmentation surgery: Application of short implants, narrow-diameter implants and guided surgery.

Introduction: Minimally invasive implantology using reduced implant dimensions as well as virtual treatment planning and CAD/CAM stereolithographic templates has gained popularity in recent years. The aim of the present investigation was to analyze prevailing trends in clinical utilization of these graftless therapeutic options.

Material And Methods: A total of 12.

Graftless Full-Arch Implant Rehabilitation with Interantral Implants and Immediate or Delayed Loading-Part II: Transition from the Failing Maxillary Dentition.

Purpose: To compare long-term survival and marginal bone loss of immediate interantral implants in the nonaugmented maxilla subjected to immediate vs delayed loading.

Materials And Methods: Graftless maxillary cross-arch rehabilitation was performed in a total of 362 patients in the years 2004 to 2013 (1,797 implants). Of the 240 patients with immediate implants replacing their failing maxillary dentition, 81% were subjected to immediate loading and 19% to delayed loading of their 4 to 6 interantral implants (980 and 235 implants, respectively).

Periimplantitis Treatment: Long-Term Comparison of Laser Decontamination and Implantoplasty Surgery.

Purpose: Periimplantitis is the most frequent cause of late implant failure; however, little is known about the long-term success of periimplantitis treatment and the effectiveness of various therapeutic interventions.

Materials And Methods: A total of 142 patients were referred to the Academy for Oral Implantology in Vienna for the treatment of recurrent periimplantitis around single-tooth implants. Of them, 72 patients (51%) were treated by laser decontamination, 47 patients (33%) by implantoplasty surgery, and 23 patients (16%) by a combination of both approaches.

Graftless Full-Arch Implant Rehabilitation with Interantral Implants and Immediate or Delayed Loading-Part I: Reconstruction of the Edentulous Maxilla.

Purpose: To compare long-term survival and marginal bone loss of late interantral implants in the nonaugmented edentulous maxilla subjected to immediate vs delayed loading.

Materials And Methods: One hundred twenty-two edentulous patients with implants in native, healed jawbone were subjected to either immediate loading (179 implants) or delayed loading (403 implants) of their four to six interantral implants (part I of 362 graftless maxillary cross-arch rehabilitations performed in the years 2004 to 2013). Kaplan-Meier survival estimates were computed, and marginal bone loss was evaluated in a stratified random sample of 20 patients per group.

Patient-Perceived Morbidity and Subjective Functional Impairment Following Immediate Transition from a Failing Dentition to Fixed Implant Rehabilitation.

Purpose: Failing residual dentition gives rise to patient concerns about the surgical and prosthodontic management of immediate implant rehabilitation. The purpose of this study was to assess subjective patient experiences of full-arch immediate implant loading.

Materials And Methods: Patients made a transition from poor dentition in the maxilla (25 patients) or mandible (25 patients) to full-arch rehabilitation on the day of extraction using four interantral or interforaminal implants.

Immediate Restoration of Immediate Implants in the Esthetic Zone of the Maxilla Via the Copy-Abutment Technique: 5-Year Follow-Up of Pink Esthetic Scores.

Background: Implant esthetics may benefit from individualized zirconia abutments copying the emergence profile of the natural tooth and delivered within days after immediate implant insertion.

Purpose: To investigate the esthetic outcome of the Copy-Abutment technique using the Pink Esthetic Score (PES).

Materials And Methods: A total of 77 patients with single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla restored at the day of immediate implant placement using Copy-Abutments and provisional crowns were followed-up after 1 week, 1 month, 4 months, 6 months, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years to assess implant esthetics.

Auto-stop Drilling Device for Implant Site Preparation: In Vitro Test of Eccentric Sensor Position.

Purpose: To quantify the reliability of a new drilling system for implant osteotomy characterized by an eccentric sensor that automatically stops the drill upon contact with soft tissue. This safety mechanism aims to minimize surgical trauma to nerves, vessels, and the maxillary sinus mucosa. The benefits of the eccentric sensor position on planar and angulated surfaces were tested in vitro.

Denture-Related Biomechanical Factors for Fixed Partial Dentures Retained on Short Dental Implants.

Prosthodontically driven biomechanical considerations are essential for longterm successful outcomes in dental implant therapy. Correct protocols seek to preclude potential consequences associated with functional and parafunctional occlusal overload such as screw loosening, component fracture, compromised marginal bone maintenance, and the integrity of the induced osseointegration response. Other concerns also need to be addressed, more especially when other implants are selected, for example: bridge insertion torque (BIT) in cases of immediate loading, cantilever length-anteroposterior spread ratio (CL-AP), overall crown-to-implant ratio (oCIR), total bone-to-implant surface area (tBICA), and the status of the opposing dentition.

Risk Factors of Membrane Perforation and Postoperative Complications in Sinus Floor Elevation Surgery: Review of 407 Augmentation Procedures.

Purpose: To test patient- and sinus-related risk factors for an association with intraoperative membrane perforation and postoperative complications after sinus floor augmentation surgery.

Materials And Methods: Sinus floor elevation procedures using a lateral approach were retrospectively analyzed for patients' medical history and sinus anatomy on computed tomographic scans. Complications per sinus after membrane elevation and augmentation using a mixture of autologous bone and deproteinized bovine bone substitute (Bio-Oss) were recorded.

Esthetics of Flapless Single-Tooth Implants in the Anterior Maxilla Using Guided Surgery: Association of Three-Dimensional Accuracy and Pink Esthetic Score.

Background: Flapless implant placement using surgical templates may guarantee predictable and esthetic results provided that preplanned implant positions are transfered precisely into surgical reality.

Purpose: The study aims to investigate the effect of three-dimensional accuracy in guided implant surgery on the esthetic outcome of single-tooth implants in the anterior maxilla.

Materials And Methods: Single-tooth implants for delayed replacement of upper incisors were inserted in 27 patients using stereolithographic templates.

Bone formation in peri-implant defects grafted with microparticles: a pilot animal experimental study.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the healing of peri-implant defects grafted with microparticles (MPs).

Material And Methods: Six domestic pigs received nine standardized defects at the calvaria, and an implant was inserted in the middle of each defect. The space between the implant and lateral bone portion was filled with MP pellets (n = 18) or MP supernatant (n = 18) or left unfilled (n = 18).

Patients' preferences towards minimally invasive treatment alternatives for implant rehabilitation of edentulous jaws.

Purpose: To evaluate patient satisfaction, oral health-related quality of life, and patients' preferences towards minimally invasive treatment options for graftless rehabilitation of complete edentulism by means of dental implants.

Material And Methods: A MEDLINE search of literature in the English language up to the year 2013 was performed to summarise current evidence from the patient's perspective. The final selection included 37 studies reporting on minimally invasive implant treatment of 648 edentulous maxillae and 791 edentulous mandibles in 1328 patients, via a total of 5766 implants.

Long-term implant success at the Academy for Oral Implantology: 8-year follow-up and risk factor analysis.

Purpose: Rehabilitation of the incomplete dentition by means of osseointegrated dental implants represents a highly predictable and widespread therapy; however, little is known about potential risk factors that may impair long-term implant success.

Methods: From 2004 to 2012, a total of 13,147 implants were placed in 4,316 patients at the Academy for Oral Implantology in Vienna. The survival rates after 8 years of follow-up were computed using the Kaplan-Meier method, and the impact of patient- and implant-related risk factors was assessed.

Dental implants are a viable alternative for compensating oligodontia in adolescents.

Objectives: To clinically and radiographically evaluate dental implant treatment in adolescents with extensive oligodontia.

Methods: Patients with more than nine permanent teeth congenitally missing and implant treatment before the age of 16 years were included. Clinical follow-ups involved bleeding on probing, plaque index and peri-implant probing value.

In vitro adhesion of fibroblastic cells to titanium alloy discs treated with sodium hydroxide.

Objective: Adhesion of osteogenic cells on titanium surfaces is a prerequisite for osseointegration. Alkali treatment can increase the hydrophilicity of titanium implant surfaces, thereby supporting the adhesion of blood components. However, it is unclear if alkali treatment also supports the adhesion of cells with a fibroblastic morphology to titanium.

Esthetic evaluation of single-tooth implants in the anterior mandible.

Objectives: Single-tooth replacement of anterior mandibular teeth is frequently complicated by insufficient bucco-lingual bone width and limited mesio-distal space available for implant placement. The aim of the present study was to assess implant esthetics in the partially edentulous anterior mandible.

Material And Methods: Esthetic evaluation of 43 anterior mandibular single-tooth implants in 15 women and 28 men was performed using esthetic indices (PES = Pink Esthetic Score, PI = Papilla Index, SES = Subjective Esthetic Score) as well as subjective patients' Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) ratings.

Drilling- and withdrawing-related thermal changes during implant site osteotomies.

Background: Intrabony temperature increase is not only dependent on shearing energy and mechanical friction between bone and surgical drill but is also related to heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the surrounding bone and the applied surgical instrument. Thus time of occurrence of the highest temperature rise can be expected after the shearing process of the osteotomy, potentially affecting the process of osseointegration.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate temperature changes during the shearing and withdrawing processes during osteotomies.

Platelets increase while serum reduces the differentiation and activity of osteoclasts in vitro.

Platelets modulate formation of osteoclasts and osteoblasts, but research with different preparations of platelets remains inconclusive. Here, we assessed whether serum components modulate the effect of platelet preparations. In murine bone marrow cultures, osteoclastogenesis was investigated in the presence of platelet-released supernatant (PRS), serum containing PRS (SC-PRS), and serum.

A novel standardized bone model for thermal evaluation of bone osteotomies with various irrigation methods.

Objectives: Based on a novel standardized bovine specimen, the aim of this study was to investigate thermal effects of different irrigation methods during intermittent and graduated drilling.

Material And Methods: Temperature changes during implant osteotomies (n = 320) of 10 and 16 mm drilling depths with various irrigation methods were investigated on manufactured uniform bone samples providing homogenous cortical and cancellous areas and analogous thermal conductivity comparable to human bone. Automated sequences were performed with surgical twist drills of 2 mm ∅ and conical drills of 3.

Relevance of variations in the opposing dentition for the functionality of fixed and removable partial dentures: a systematic review.

The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the functionality of fixed and removable partial dentures as test interventions in relation to variations in the opposing dentition and their prosthetic restoration. The abstracts identified in the respective databases were screened independently by two investigators. RCTs and uncontrolled studies were considered, provided the patients were included consecutively and the confounding variables were adequately monitored.