Results From the Big Ten COVID-19 Cardiac Registry: Impact of SARS-COV-2 on Myocardial Involvement.

Objective: COVID-19 has been associated with myocardial involvement in collegiate athletes. The first report from the Big Ten COVID-19 Cardiac Registry (Registry) was an ecological study that reported myocarditis in 37 of 1597 athletes (2.3%) based on local clinical diagnosis.

Neighborhood socioeconomic status and length of stay after congenital heart disease surgery.

Background And Objectives: Socioeconomic factors are associated with health outcomes and can affect postoperative length of stay after congenital heart disease (CHD) surgery. The hypothesis of this study is that patients from neighborhoods with a disadvantaged socioeconomic status (SES) have a prolonged length of hospital stay after CHD surgery.

Methods: Pre- and postoperative data were collected on patients who underwent CHD surgery at the University of Maryland Medical Center between 2011 and 2019.

Prevalence of Clinical and Subclinical Myocarditis in Competitive Athletes With Recent SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Results From the Big Ten COVID-19 Cardiac Registry.

Importance: Myocarditis is a leading cause of sudden death in competitive athletes. Myocardial inflammation is known to occur with SARS-CoV-2. Different screening approaches for detection of myocarditis have been reported.

The impact of a new casino on the motor vehicle crash patterns in suburban Maryland.

Background: Many states have legalized casino gambling, and casinos create increased vehicle traffic, but the strength of the association between casino construction and vehicle crashes is unknown.

Methods: Retrospective analyses of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) occurring within Anne Arundel County, Maryland (2010-2014) were conducted. The ratio of crashes within one mile of the casino's location after it was opened were compared to the ratio occurring in the same area before it was opened to determine how the incidence of MVCs near the casino changed with time.

Arch intervention following stage 1 palliation in hypoplastic left heart syndrome is associated with slower feed advancement: a report from the National Pediatric Quality Cardiology Improvement Collaborative.

Introduction: Infants undergoing stage 1 palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome may have post-operative feeding difficulties. Although the cause of feeding difficulties in these patients is multi-factorial, residual arch obstruction may affect gut perfusion, contributing to feeding intolerance. We hypothesised that undergoing arch reintervention following stage 1 palliation would be associated with post-operative feeding difficulties.

Social isolation proxy variables and prescription opioid and benzodiazepine misuse among older adults in the U.S.: A cross-sectional analysis of data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health, 2015-2017.

Background: Prescription drug misuse in older adults is a growing public health problem. It is important to understand factors which predispose older adults to misuse prescription drugs, and social isolation may play an important role. In this study, we examined the association between social isolation proxy variables (living alone, being unmarried, and not attending religious services) and prescription opioid/benzodiazepine misuse in older adults.

Comparison of cumulative dispersed energy (CDE) in femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification.

Purpose: To compare the amount of phacoemulsification ultrasound energy used between eyes undergoing femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and conventional phacoemulsification.

Methods: One eye of consecutive patients undergoing routine non-complicated phacoemulsification from January 2014 to December of 2015 was included in the analysis. FLACS was performed using the Alcon LenSx.

Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and interstage failure in infants with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Introduction: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors are commonly prescribed medications after the Norwood procedure. There are little data that can be used to determine if angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors improve interstage outcomes in children with single ventricle defects. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and interstage failure among infants born with hypoplastic left heart syndrome.

Cardiovascular Events Following Treatment Initiation with Atypical Antipsychotic Medications in Publicly Insured U.S. Youth.

Objective: To assess the risk of incident cardiovascular events that led to hospitalizations or emergency department visits following atypical antipsychotic (AAP) treatment initiation in youth according to dose, duration of use, and concomitant use of leading psychotropic medication classes.

Methods: We used computerized Medicaid claims to conduct a retrospective cohort study of youth (5-20 years) who initiated AAP treatment. AAP use was operationalized in a time-dependent manner according to current vs.

Association of Antidepressant Medications With Incident Type 2 Diabetes Among Medicaid-Insured Youths.

Importance: Antidepressants are one of the most commonly prescribed classes of psychotropic medications among US youths. For adults, there is emerging evidence on the increased risk of type 2 diabetes in association with antidepressant use. However, little is known about the antidepressant treatment-emergent risk of type 2 diabetes among youths.

Concomitant Use of Atypical Antipsychotics With Other Psychotropic Medication Classes and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: More than half of youth treated with atypical antipsychotic (AAP) medications are also treated with concomitant antidepressants or stimulants. This study assessed the association between antidepressant or stimulant use concomitant with AAPs and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Method: Medicaid Analytic eXtract data were used to conduct a retrospective cohort study of youth (aged 5-20 years) who initiated AAP treatment.

2017 ACC/AAP/AHA Health Policy Statement on Opportunities and Challenges in Pediatric Drug Development: Learning From Sildenafil.

The STARTS-1 and -2 trials (Sildenafil in Treatment-Naive Children, Aged 1 to 17 Years, With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension) and subsequent 2012 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) product labeling for sildenafil use in pediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension highlight many of the challenges to the development and approval of medications for children.

2017 ACC/AAP/AHA Health Policy Statement on Opportunities and Challenges in Pediatric Drug Development: Learning From Sildenafil.

The STARTS-1 and -2 trials (Sildenafil in Treatment-Naive Children, Aged 1 to 17 Years, With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension) and subsequent 2012 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) product labeling for sildenafil use in pediatric patients with pulmonary hypertension highlight many of the challenges to the development and approval of medications for children.

Interstage Weight Gain Is Associated With Survival After First-Stage Single-Ventricle Palliation.

Background: Low birth and operative weight have been identified as risk factors for death after first-stage single-ventricle palliation. We hypothesize that weight gain after the first-stage operation is associated with transplant-free interstage survival to admission for the second-stage operation.

Methods: We used historical data from the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative database to conduct a longitudinal study to assess the association between weight gain and transplant-free interstage survival.

FDA Safety Reviews on Drugs, Biologics, and Vaccines: 2007-2013.

Background And Objectives: In 2002, Congress mandated that the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) monitor postmarketing pediatric adverse events and present safety reports to the FDA's Pediatric Advisory Committee (PAC). These safety reviews play a critical role in the postmarketing surveillance and identification of pediatric safety issues. This article follows a previous review ending in 2007 and summarizes 6 years of recent pediatric safety reporting, recommendations by the PAC, and actions by the FDA, including labeling changes.

Predictors of Prolonged Hospital Length of Stay Following Stage II Palliation of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (and Variants): Analysis of the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPC-QIC) Database.

The objective of this study is to identify predictors of prolonged hospital length of stay (LOS) for single ventricle patients following stage 2 palliation (S2P), excluding patients who underwent a hybrid procedure. We explore the impact of demographic features, stage 1 palliation (S1P), interstage I (IS1) management, S2P, and post-surgical care on hospital LOS following S2P. We conducted a retrospective analysis of the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPC-QIC) database.

The Effect of a Quality Improvement Intervention on Variability of Measurements of Left Ventricular Dimensions in a Pediatric Echocardiography Laboratory.

Objective: To assess the effect of a multifaceted quality improvement intervention on variability of left ventricular dimensions as measured on pediatric echocardiograms.

Methods: Variability of measurements of left ventricular dimensions was assessed using percent error before a multifaceted educational intervention. Sonographers attended group sessions, used visual prompts and received individual feedback regarding the proper technique for measuring the left ventricle.

Use of a learning network to improve variation in interstage weight gain after the Norwood operation.

Background: Growth failure is common in infants with single ventricle. This study evaluated the use of a learning network, the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPC-QIC), to spread optimized nutritional practices and improve infant growth.

Methods: A previously identified Nutritional Bundle was spread among NPC-QIC sites.

Impact of prenatal diagnosis in survivors of initial palliation of single ventricle heart disease: analysis of the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative database.

Among infants with single ventricle congenital heart disease (SVD) requiring Stage I palliation (S1P), the impact of prenatal diagnosis (PD) on outcomes has been variably characterized. We investigated the impact of PD in a large multi-center cohort of survivors of S1P in the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPCQIC) registry. Retrospective analysis of demographic and outcomes data among infants enrolled in the NPCQIC database; eligibility includes SVD requiring S1P and survival to discharge.

Variation in postoperative care following stage I palliation for single-ventricle patients: a report from the Joint Council on Congenital Heart Disease National Quality Improvement Collaborative.

Background And Methods: The National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative (NPC-QIC) has established a national data registry for patients with hypoplastic left heart syndrome and its variants undergoing staged palliation. The goal of this collaborative is to better understand current care practices and to improve outcomes in children with these severe and complex forms of congenital heart disease. In this study, we describe the postoperative intensive care course, and its variations, for the first 100 patients enrolled into the registry.

Variation in preoperative and intraoperative care for first-stage palliation of single-ventricle heart disease: a report from the Joint Council on Congenital Heart Disease National Quality Improvement Collaborative.

Background And Methods: As the first multicenter quality improvement collaborative in pediatric cardiology, the Joint Council on Congenital Heart Disease National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative registry collects information on the clinical care and outcomes of infants discharged home after first-stage palliation of single-ventricle heart disease, the Norwood operation, and variants. We sought to describe the preoperative and intraoperative characteristics of the first 100 patients enrolled in the National Pediatric Cardiology Quality Improvement Collaborative registry.

Results: From 21 contributing centers, 59% of infants were male, with median birth weight of 3.