A study of Sa-Ahm's thoughts on the four-needle acupuncture technique with the five-element theory.

In order to study Sa-Ahm's underlying thoughts on the basis of Yin-Yang and the five-element theory, the 12 acupuncture meridian systems and eight extra meridian systems were investigated in detail. The clinical acupuncture points for Sa-Ahm's four-needle acupuncture technique were also reviewed. The forms of the combinations using the five Shu acupuncture points, which are based on the promotion and control cycles with tonification and sedation, were shown to connect to the acupuncture points, which represent the meridian system itself.

Primo vascular system in the subarachnoid space of a mouse brain.

Objective. Recently, a novel circulatory system, the primo vascular system (PVS), was found in the brain ventricles and in the central canal of the spinal cord of a rat. The aim of the current work is to detect the PVS along the transverse sinuses between the cerebrum and the cerebellum of a mouse brain.