Circulating inflammatory cytokines and gestational diabetes mellitus: Unraveling the role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) through a bidirectional mendelian randomization study.

Background: Several studies have identified associations between some of circulating inflammatory cytokines and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). However, the causal role of these associations remains unclear and unsystematic. We aimed to provide evidence for the causal relationships between circulating inflammatory cytokines and gestational diabetes mellitus.

The Most Popular Commercial Weight Management Apps in the Chinese App Store: Analysis of Quality, Features, and Behavior Change Techniques.

Background: Many smartphone apps designed to assist individuals in managing their weight are accessible, but the assessment of app quality and features has predominantly taken place in Western countries. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of research evaluating weight management apps in China, which highlights the need for further investigation in this area.

Objective: This study aims to conduct a comprehensive search for the most popular commercial Chinese smartphone apps focused on weight management and assess their quality, behavior change techniques (BCTs), and content-related features using appropriate evaluation scales.