A novel marker ADAM17 for clear cell renal cell carcinomas: implication for patients' prognosis.

Introduction: A disintegrin and metalloproteinase-17 (ADAM17) plays an important role in biological activity in different cancers. Its expression and prognostic value have not been studied in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cRCC). The objective of this study was to explore the prognostic value of ADAM17 in patients with cRCC.

Prognostic value of CXCR4 expression in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Introduction: The expression of CXCR4 is implicated in the metastatic dissemination of different cancers. The information on its prognostic value has been very limited in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC). Our objective was to explore the prognostic value of CXCR4 in ccRCC.

[Thoracic splenosis mimicking pleural and pulmonary metastasis].

Splenosis corresponds to an autotransplantation of splenic tissue, consecutive to a traumatic or surgical wound of the spleen. The peritoneal cavity is usually affected but intrathoracic nodules are also described, when simultaneous rupture of the spleen and diaphragmatic laceration exist. Diaphragmatic laceration may be subclinical.

CA9 as a molecular marker for differential diagnosis of cystic renal tumors.

Objective: CA9 is proven to be a powerful marker for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The studies on CA9 have been limited to solid renal cell carcinomas (RCC). We have conducted a study of CA9 expression in renal cystic tumors.

Carbonic anhydrase 9 in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: a marker for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.

Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) is a transmembrane member of the carbonic anhydrase family. It catalyses the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide into bicarbonate and a proton, thus enabling tumour cells to maintain a neutral pH despite an acidic microenvironment. CA9 is not expressed in healthy renal tissue but is expressed in most clear cell renal cell carcinomas (CCRCC) through HIF-1α accumulation driven by hypoxia and inactivation of the VHL gene.

Prediction of clear cell renal cell carcinoma by integrity of cell-free DNA in serum.

Objectives: To hypothesize that serum cell-free DNA integrity may be clinically useful for prediction of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (cRCC). The integrity of cell-free DNA released from cancer cells was different from that released from apoptotic cells.

Methods: We collected peripheral blood samples from 78 patients before surgery; among these patients, 22 with tumor, both pre- and postoperation, and 42 controls without tumor.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma: immunohistochemical profile and prognostic significance.

Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) with extranodal location affecting only the CNS, meninges and eye, without visceral or lymph node involvement. Its incidence has increased sharply over the past three decades, especially in immunocompetent subjects. Most PCNSL cases are diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs).

CA9 level in renal cyst fluid: a possible molecular diagnosis of malignant tumours.

Aims: The preoperative differentiation of malignant renal cystic tumours from benign lesions is critical, and it remains a common diagnostic problem. The aim was to examine if the Carbonic anhydrase 9 (CA9) level in cyst fluid can provide a molecular diagnosis of malignant cyst.

Methods And Results: Twenty-eight patients with a cystic renal mass were included.

Serum carbonic anhydrase 9 level is associated with postoperative recurrence of conventional renal cell cancer.

Purpose: We explored the clinical usefulness of serum carbonic anhydrase 9 as a potential biomarker for conventional renal cell cancer.

Materials And Methods: This study included 91 patients with conventional renal cell cancer and 32 healthy individuals. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure the carbonic anhydrase 9 level.

Elevated serum-circulating RNA in patients with conventional renal cell cancer.

Background: Reliable serum biomarkers for differential diagnosis of conventional renal cell carcinoma (RCC) are highly desirable. Recent studies have confirmed the stability of circulating RNA in serum of cancer patients. The purpose of our study was to evaluate whether the amounts of circulating RNA could discriminate between conventional renal cancer patients and healthy individuals as a tumor marker.

Testicular sperm extraction in a single cancerous testicle in patients with azoospermia: a case report.

Objective: To optimize the management of patients with cancer in a single testis and azoospermia.

Design: Case report.

Setting: Reproductive biology department.

Significance of inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone in seminal plasma: a preliminary study.

Objective: To evaluate the predictive value of seminal inhibin B and anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) on the outcome of testicular sperm extraction (TESE) in patients with nonobstructive azoospermia.

Design: Prospective study.

Setting: Reproductive biology department.

CA9 gene expression in conventional renal cell carcinoma: a potential marker for prediction of early metastasis after nephrectomy.

About 30-40% of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) will develop metastasis after curative nephrectomy. There is a strong need to identify the early metastasis with conventional and molecular risk factors. The present study aimed to test if analysis of the CA9 gene can provide useful information to predict early metastasis after nephrectomy.

The use of MN/CA9 gene expression in identifying malignant solid renal tumors.

Objective: Small solid renal tumors are increasingly encountered. It is important to determine the malignancy of solid renal tumors for the choice of treatment. MN/CA9 is expressed in malignant renal cells but absent in normal cells.

Evaluation of a panel of molecular markers for the diagnosis of malignant serous effusions.

Purpose: Our main goal was to evaluate a panel of molecular markers for the detection of cancer cells in serous effusions and to determine their value as an adjunctive reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) test to cytologic examination.

Experimental Design: One hundred fourteen serous effusions from 71 patients with tumors and 43 patients with benign diseases were subjected to RT-PCR for expression of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM), E-cadherin, mammaglobin, mucin 1 (MUC1) isoforms MUC1/REP, MUC1/Y, and MUC1/Z, calretinin, and Wilms' tumor 1 susceptibility gene.

Results: CEA, Ep-CAM, E-cadherin, and mammaglobin were specifically expressed in malignant effusions.

Cadherin-6 gene expression in conventional renal cell carcinoma: a useful marker to detect circulating tumor cells.

Background: Dissemination of cancer cells into the circulation is an essential step in the development of a metastasis. Detection of circulating cancer cells may improve the monitoring methods for cancer patients. However, the detection of circulating renal cancer cells is mainly hampered by the lack of markers available for renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Different DNA ploidy patterns for the differentiation of common subtypes of renal tumors.

Objectives: The common subtypes of renal tumors are conventional or clear cell carcinoma, papillary carcinoma, chromophobe carcinoma and oncocytoma. Each subtype has its distinct histogenesis and clinical evolution. DNA ploidy is viewed as a marker of gross genomic aberrations.

Characteristics of image-detected solid renal masses: implication for optimal treatment.

Background: Solid renal masses are found increasingly. Further analysis of the characteristics of solid renal masses is useful for optimal treatment.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of all solid renal masses was conducted from December 1998 to May 2003 at the Urology Department, Central University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, France.

Rapid and sensitive detection of messenger RNA expression for molecular differential diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to develop a practical technique to detect mRNA expression and to validate a panel of mRNA markers for molecular differential diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Experimental Design: The renal cancer cell line SKRC-52 was used to set up the technique, which consisted of column extraction of RNA and one-step reverse transcription-PCR. We validated a panel of gene markers, including MN/CA9, cadherin-6, vimentin, mucin1, and parvalbumin, and studied 50 renal tumors (30 conventional, 9 papillary, and 5 chromophobe RCCs and 6 oncocytomas), 10 normal tissues, and 10 normal blood samples.

Malignant Langerhans cell tumor: a case with a favorable outcome associated with the absence of blood dendritic cell proliferation.

Malignant Langerhans cell tumor is a rare malignant proliferation of Langerhans cells, with a negative prognosis due to its dissemination throughout the body, leading to death within 1 year. This disease has to be distinguished from Langerhans cell histiocytosis. The favorable evolution of a case of Langerhans cell tumor, characterized by the absence of metastasis 18 months after its occurrence, may be due to the initial treatment, which consisted of complete and large resection of the tumor.

[Molecular and cytometric analysis of renal cell carcinoma cells. Concepts, techniques and prospects].

At the present time, there is no reliable laboratory marker for the diagnosis and prognosis of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), while about 20% of small tumours detected by modern imaging techniques are benign and the clinical course is difficult to predict with considerable differences for the same stage and same grade. The molecular identification of clear cell RCC cells could satisfy these new requirements in the context of diagnosis of atypical or small renal tumours, allowing a more refined prognostic assessment, which is currently uncertain. Some of the antigens used for molecular diagnosis of clear cell RCC, such as cadherin-6, are present in the normal kidney, while others are newly formed antigens (TuM2PK, MN/CA9, CA12, calpain) or ectopic (PSMA, PSA, KLKI, cytokeratin 7 vimentin) or induce abnormal glycosylation (sialyl Lewis'X, galectins) indicating the malignant nature of the cells.

The in vivo DNA aneuploidization during expansion of conventional renal cell carcinoma.

Although numerous studies on the prognostic value of DNA aneuploidy in RCC have been reported, the in vivo DNA aneuploidization during RCC expansion has not been revealed. The present study was undertaken to observe the DNA aneuploidization during RCC expansion. We studied prospectively 67 consecutive conventional RCCs.