[Prolonging of the follow-up intervals for non-invasive bladder tumors].

Traditionally, patients with non-invasive bladder tumours are evaluated every three months in the first year(s) after primary resection. In a randomised controlled design we evaluated the consequences of doubling the follow-up intervals for patients with non-invasive bladder tumours (Ta) grade I and II without concomitant urothelial dysplasia. The patients were allocated to one of the two regimens: Regimen I: follow-up every three months for the first two years, every sixth month in the third year and thereafter once a year.

Prolonging follow-up intervals for non-invasive bladder tumors: a randomized controlled trial.

Considerable resources are devoted to the follow-up of patients with superficial bladder tumors. Traditionally these patients are evaluated every three months in the first year(s) after the primary resection. In a randomised controlled design we evaluated the consequences of doubling the follow-up intervals for patients with non-invasive bladder tumors (Ta) with none of the following risk factors: concomitant urothelial dysplasia, tumor grade > II, early recurrence.

Management of the non-descended testis: doubtful value of luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone (LHRH). A double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study.

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled multicentre study, the effect of luteinizing-hormone-releasing-hormone (LHRH) in 141 boys was analysed after 4-week treatment period with 0.4 mg LHRH nasal spray or placebo nasal spray three times daily. Data from 123 boys was analysed, with 62 boys in the treatment group and 61 in the placebo group.

Uretero-pelvic stenosis.

In a prospective series of 66 patients with uretero-pelvic stenosis ("genuine hydronephrosis") the clinical data and the results of treatment were registered. We found an estimated incidence per year of 5:100,000 inhabitants. In the age group under 10 years there was a striking majority of boys.

Use of blood in transurethral prostatectomy--routine or selective cross-matching?

In our series of 700 transurethral resections of the prostate 464 patients (66%) received no blood transfusions, while 121 patients (17%) received two or more units of blood. A significant relationship was demonstrated between the size of the prostate and the estimated blood loss, as well as between the presence of a preoperative urethral catheter and the blood loss.

Urinary tract infections in connection with transurethral resection of the prostate.

The study evaluates the incidence and consequences of infectious complications after 700 transurethral resections of the prostate. The patients were treated individually for bacteriuria according to urine cultures. No general antibacterial prophylaxis was used.

Testicular carcinoma in Denmark 1976-1980. Stage and selected clinical parameters at presentation.

Since Jan. 1, 1976 practically all new cases of germ cell tumours of the testis in Denmark have been included in the Danish Testicular Carcinoma Study (DATECA), permitting detailed registration of data concerning histology and stage at the time of diagnosis. The incidence of carcinoma of the testis in Denmark continues to be high with a crude rate of 8 to 9/100 000 males per year.

Secondary surgery in advanced testicular germ-cell tumors.

Twenty-four patients with residual tumor after intensive chemotherapy for advanced testicular germ-cell tumors were subjected to secondary surgery. Twenty patients had complete resection with the following distribution of histological types: 4 embryonal carcinoma, 9 mature teratoma and 7 fibrous tissue. Eighteen of these patients remain free of disease.

Vesico-ureteral reflux in non-paediatric patients.

In the period 1968-1975 we treated 55 female and 19 male adolescent or adult patients for vesico-ureteral reflux (v. u. r.

Post-irradiation total cystectomy for bladder cancer.

Treatment with radiotherapy (6000 rad) followed by total cystectomy was carried out in 125 patients with T1-T3 bladder cancer, the tumour being poorly differentiated (grade III-IV) in 115 cases. Survival was significantly better, if the irradiation had resulted in complete tumour regression before cystectomy, and if the tumour at the initial examination was of category T1. The relative cumulative survival after 5 years for patients with T1-tumours was 60%, as opposed to 40% for patients with T3-tumours.

Vesico-ureteral reflux in children.

A total of 126 children with 193 refluxing renal units were treated for vesico-ureteral reflux during the period 1966-74. The grading of the cases into mild, moderate and severe reflux revealed renal scarring in 5, 22 and 28% of the three groups. Conservative treatment was used in 10% of the patients, surgery on the urethra in 25%, and reimplantation of the ureter by the Politano-Leadbetter technique in the last two-thirds of the patients.

Changes in the serum concentrations of sodium, potassium, and free haemoglobin during transurethral resection of the prostate--parts of the TUR-syndrome?

In 133 patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate under standardized conditions the concentration of serum sodium decreased, and the concentration of free plasma haemoglobin increased significantly after the operation. Such changes were not found in a control group of 31 patients undergoing cystoscopy or bladder biopsy. The changes in the operated group are believed to be caused by the absorption of water used as irrigating fluid during the resection.