Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts delirium after stroke.

Background: Delirium is an underdiagnosed and possibly preventable complication in acute stroke and is linked to poor outcome. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), a marker of systemic inflammation, is also associated with poor outcome after acute ischemic stroke.

Aim: To determine whether NLR is a predictor of post-stroke delirium (PSD).

Usefulness of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Pneumonia and Urinary Tract Infection Within the First Week After Acute Ischemic Stroke.

A high Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) has been associated with post-stroke infections, but it's role as an early predictive biomarker for post-stroke pneumonia (PSP) and urinary tract infection (UTI) is not clear. To investigate the usefulness of NLR obtained within 24 h after AIS for predicting PSP and UTI in the first week. Clinical and laboratory data were retrieved from the University Hospital Brussels stroke database/electronic record system.

On the Latent Variable Interpretation in Sum-Product Networks.

One of the central themes in Sum-Product networks (SPNs) is the interpretation of sum nodes as marginalized latent variables (LVs). This interpretation yields an increased syntactic or semantic structure, allows the application of the EM algorithm and to efficiently perform MPE inference. In literature, the LV interpretation was justified by explicitly introducing the indicator variables corresponding to the LVs' states.

Quantification and Analysis of Icebergs in a Tidewater Glacier Fjord Using an Object-Based Approach.

Tidewater glaciers are glaciers that terminate in, and calve icebergs into, the ocean. In addition to the influence that tidewater glaciers have on physical and chemical oceanography, floating icebergs serve as habitat for marine animals such as harbor seals (Phoca vitulina richardii). The availability and spatial distribution of glacier ice in the fjords is likely a key environmental variable that influences the abundance and distribution of selected marine mammals; however, the amount of ice and the fine-scale characteristics of ice in fjords have not been systematically quantified.

Clostridium difficile infection in critically injured trauma patients.

Background: Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is an increasing problem worldwide. To our knowledge, there are no studies evaluating specifically the incidence of CDI in the critically injured trauma population.

Methods: Five hundred eighty-one consecutive critically injured trauma patients were followed prospectively for development of CDI, diagnosed by toxin assay.

Severe local reactions to live measles virus vaccine following an immunization program.

A cluster of nine severe local reactions occurred in a Pennsylvania school district following a mass measles immunization program in February 1981. A case-control study showed that the nine cases had a statistically significant increased history of having received killed measles vaccine previously (p less than .001, Fisher's exact test) and a statistically significant higher geometric mean measles antibody titer (p less than .