Publications by authors named "Genimar Reboucas Juliao"

The Oropouche Virus (OROV) has Culicoides paraensis as its main vector in the urban cycle. Diagnoses of acute febrile cases and entomological collections were performed between January and April 2024 in the urban setting of Porto Velho, a city located in the western Brazilian Amazon. A total of 904 human samples were evaluated using RT-qPCR, of which 328 were positive for OROV.

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Entomological investigations were conducted for the first time in urban forest remnants of Porto Velho, state of Rondônia, Brazil, to explore the transmission dynamics of Leishmania. Sand fly collections were carried out at ten sites, encompassing both canopy and ground strata, from October to December 2021. A total of 1,671 sand flies were collected, representing 42 species within 12 genera.

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Background: The riverine communities of the Amazon comprise different social groups that inhabit the rural areas on the banks of rivers and lakes. Residents usually travel by river to rural and urban areas and are then exposed to urbanized diseases such as those caused by arbovirus infection. In Brazil, emerging diseases such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and those caused by infection with Oropouche and Mayaro viruses necessitate epidemiological surveillance.

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Mosquitoes are vectors of many pathogens, including viruses, protozoans, and helminths, spreading these pathogens to humans as well as to wild and domestic animals. As the identification of species and the biological characterization of mosquito vectors are cornerstones for understanding patterns of disease transmission, and the design of control strategies, we conducted a literature review on the current use of noninvasive and nondestructive techniques for pathogen detection in mosquitoes, highlighting the importance of their taxonomic status and systematics, and some gaps in the knowledge of their vectorial capacity. Here, we summarized the alternative techniques for pathogen detection in mosquitoes based on both laboratory and field studies.

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Biting midges of the genus Culicoides are insects of proven medical and veterinary importance, because of their role in the transmission of viruses, bacteria, protozoa and nematodes. Culicoides paraensis has been considered the main vector of the Oropouche Virus (OROV) in the urban cycle of the disease in the neotropics. Due to the great abundance of Culicoides spp.

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Some Aedinii mosquitoes are of high importance in the transmission of the sylvatic YFV. Usually, their eggs are very resistant and depend on the rain for their hatching. The present study evaluated the effect of multiple mosquito-egg immersions and the sex ratio of male and female specimens from Atlantic Forest remnants in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

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Although arbovirus transmission and identifying target vectors may provide a baseline for planning disease control strategies, there are many gaps in knowledge regarding these mosquitoes and viral species in urban, rural, or sylvatic habitats in the Brazilian Amazon. Our goal was to screen for dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in synanthropic mosquitoes and with Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards using insect saliva. Mosquitoes were caught using ovitraps and aspirators in the city of Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil.

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Background: Continuous vector surveillance and sustainable interventions are mandatory in order to prevent anopheline proliferation (or spread to new areas) and interrupt malaria transmission. Anopheline abundance and richness were evaluated in urban and peri-urban malaria foci at a medium-sized city in the Brazilian Amazon, comparing the protected human landing catch technique (PHLC) and alternative sampling methods over different seasonal periods. Additional information was assessed for female feeding behaviour and faunal composition.

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Article Synopsis
  • - Recurrent outbreaks and isolated cases of Chagas disease (CD) have been noted in the Brazilian Amazon, particularly acute Chagas disease (ACD) prevalent in regions like Pará and Amazonas, with a specific case described in Rondônia for the first time.
  • - A 39-year-old male presented classic symptoms of ACD and was found to have trypomastigote forms of the parasite, indicating cardiac involvement, which was confirmed through a thick blood drop test.
  • - The case highlighted the risks associated with deforestation and colonization, showing that these factors enhance vector transmission of CD, as the patient’s environment contained evidence of the parasite and treatment resulted in successful clearance of the infection.
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The state of Rondônia in the Brazilian Amazon is prone to diseases transmitted by insect vectors because of the environmental and population changes resulting from large hydroelectric projects and the expansion of agricultural and livestock industries. The first case of Chagas disease by vectorial transmission was recorded in 2019 in a rural area in Rondônia, reinforcing the need for entomological surveillance. Hence, our goal was to estimate the abundance of Rhodnius spp.

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Rondônia State has been subject to a higher percentage of deforestation than any other Brazilian state in the Amazon basin. Rondônia's protected forests are extremely important because their biodiversity attests to the species richness that has been lost to human encroachment. Phlebotomine sand flies are Leishmania vectors that have the potential to function as environmental bioindicators.

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This study examined sand fly diversity and the natural infection of sand flies by in three localities in Rondônia State: Santo Antônio and São Vicente farm, which are anthropized environments, and the Jamari FLONA, which has not been anthropized. Sand flies were collected in canopies and at ground level using CDC light traps and BG-Sentinel CO traps. Female sand flies were grouped into pools that were subjected to DNA extraction and the samples were subjected to PCR to detect and identify .

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Sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are responsible for the transmission of protozoan parasites that cause leishmaniases. They are found predominantly in forests, but some species exploit environments that have been subject to deforestation and subsequent human colonization. Studies conducted in Brazil over the past 30 years show that some species are adapting to peri-urban and urban settings.

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Performance evaluation of diagnostic tests is critical in the search for accurate diagnoses. A gold standard test is usually absent in parasitology, thus rendering satisfactory assessment of diagnostic accuracy difficult. Moreover, reliability (assessed by the study of repeatability) is a rarely studied characteristic of diagnostic tests.

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Background: Calodium hepaticum (syn. Capillaria hepatica) is a worldwide helminth parasite of which several aspects of transmission still remain unclear. In the Amazon region, the mechanism of transmission based on the ingestion of eggs present in the liver of wild mammals has been suggested as the cause of the spurious infections described.

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Impacts of forest fragmentation and edge effect on plant-herbivores interactions are relatively unknown, and the relationships between galling insects and their host plants are very susceptible to environmental variations. The goal of our study was to test the edge effect hypothesis for galling insects associated with Styrax pohlii (Styracaceae) host plant. Samplings were conducted at a fragment of semi-deciduous forest in Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.

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