Publications by authors named "Gengqing Song"

Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) and celiac disease are both chronic T helper cell-mediated inflammatory conditions of the digestive tract. Although an association between these two conditions has been suggested, it has not been well characterized in a real-world setting.

Goals: Our objective was to better examine the association between celiac disease and EoE using a real-world population database.

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  • This study investigates the role of macrophages in the progression of premalignant gastric lesions to cancer, focusing on their gene expression and characteristics.
  • Researchers used computational tools like CIBERSORT and WGCNA to analyze immune cell types, revealing a connection between inflammation and pathological changes in gastric tissues.
  • They found that specific macrophage subsets expressing S100A8 and S100A9 are prominent in early gastric cancer and contribute to tumor growth through the TLR4-NFκB signaling pathway, indicating potential targets for treatment.
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: Although heartburn and reflux are frequently reported in ulcerative colitis [UC], the correlation between UC and gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], and its complications, esophageal stricture and Barrett's esophagus [BE], is not well understood. This study aims to examine the prevalence and associated risk of GERD and its complications within the UC population. : We analyzed the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) dataset, consisting of 7,159,694 patients, comparing GERD patients with and without UC to those without GERD.

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Background And Aim: Post-reflux swallow-induced peristaltic wave (PSPW) index and mean nocturnal baseline impedance (MNBI) have been shown to influence proton pump inhibitor (PPI) response in GERD patients. However, currently, little data concerning these variables in patients with reflux hypersensitivity (RH) are available. In this study, we aimed to evaluate, in RH patients, the prevalence of PPI responders and nonresponders and investigate the predictive value of impedance-pH variables, including PSPW and MNBI, on responses to PPI.

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Background: Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitors are immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) that have demonstrated significant efficacy in treating various advanced malignant tumors. While most patients tolerate treatment well, several adverse drug reactions, such as fatigue, myelosuppression, and ICI-associated colitis, have been reported.

Case Summary: This case involved a 57-year-old male patient with ulcerative colitis complicated by hepatocarcinoma who underwent treatment with tirelizumab (a PD-1 inhibitor) for six months.

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Background: Intestinal fibrosis, a complex complication of colitis, is characterized by excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. Estrogen receptor (ER) β may play a role in regulating this process.

Methods: Intestinal tissue samples from stenotic and nonstenotic regions were collected from Crohn's disease (CD) patients.

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In the realm of gastroenterology, the inadequacy of current medical treatments for gastrointestinal (GI) motility disorders and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), coupled with their potential side effects, necessitates novel therapeutic approaches. Neuromodulation, targeting the nervous system's control of GI functions, emerges as a promising alternative. This review explores the promising effects of vagal nerve stimulation (VNS), magnetic neuromodulation, and acupuncture in managing these challenging conditions.

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Article Synopsis
  • Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a common condition characterized by abnormal esophageal motility, resulting in the reflux of stomach contents and associated symptoms, posing a growing healthcare challenge.
  • * Diagnosis of GERD often relies on endoscopic techniques and esophageal reflux monitoring, but when these methods yield inconclusive results, advanced tools like high-resolution esophageal manometry (HREM) and Endoscopic Functional Lumen Imaging Probe (EndoFLIP) can provide additional diagnostic clarity.
  • * This review explores how HREM and EndoFLIP enhance the understanding and treatment of GERD by improving diagnosis, differentiating it from other gastrointestinal disorders, and guiding therapy decisions, ultimately aiming for more effective management and treatment strategies.
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Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is known to induce a wide range of harmful effects on several organs, notably leading to ineffective esophageal motility (IEM). However, the relationship between DM and IEM is not fully elucidated. We aimed to determine the relationship between DM and IEM and to evaluate the impact of DM's end organ complications on IEM severity.

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Background: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of diseases characterized by chronic and recurrent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The etiology of IBD remains multifaceted and poorly understood, resulting in limited treatment options that primarily target disease induction and remission maintenance. Thus, the exploration of novel therapeutic options for IBD among existing medications is advantageous.

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: This review systematically evaluates the potential of electrical neuromodulation techniques-vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), sacral nerve stimulation (SNS), and tibial nerve stimulation (TNS)-as alternative treatments for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's Disease (CD). It aims to synthesize current evidence on the efficacy and safety of these modalities, addressing the significant burden of IBD on patient quality of life and the limitations of existing pharmacological therapies. : We conducted a comprehensive analysis of studies from PubMed, focusing on research published between 1978 and 2024.

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Female sex hormones have been hypothesized to influence the higher prevalence of gastroparesis in females. This study investigated the effects of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on gastroparesis and its related symptoms, medication use, and diagnostic testing in post-menopausal women. Utilizing the TriNetX platform, we conducted a population-based cohort study involving post-menopausal women aged 50 or older, with and without HRT.

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Background: Periodontitis has been reported to be associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis (UC), and Crohn's disease (CD). However, the causality of these 2 diseases remains unclear. We conducted bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal relationship between periodontitis and IBD.

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  • Endoscopy-related musculoskeletal injuries (ERIs) are prevalent among gastroenterologists and surgeons, with significant issues such as carpal tunnel syndrome and pain syndromes reported.
  • A systematic review of 12 studies found that 5.3% of respondents experienced carpal tunnel syndrome, while 8.5% reported de Quervain's tenosynovitis, alongside notable rates of thumb, neck, and back pain.
  • Despite a high incidence of these injuries, only a small number of professionals have received training in ergonomics, with many expressing a desire for more education on the topic.
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Background: Prior studies have demonstrated that obesity may be associated with the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and GERD-related complications. However, such association has never been assessed in a global-wide real-world patient population.

Methods: The TriNetX electronic health records network, which involves 92 healthcare organizations in 12 countries, was utilized for this multicenter global health research network study.

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Background: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are closely related to disorders of brain-gut interaction. FGIDs are the dominant disease of acupuncture treatment, which can improve the symptoms and emotional state.

Aim: To evaluate the results and quality of the available clinical evidence and to summarize the central mechanism and effect of acupuncture on FGIDs.

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Background: We explored inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) coexistence using a global dataset. Investigating their epidemiology, risks, and impact, we aimed to enhance the understanding of concurrent diagnoses and patient outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective population-based cohort study was conducted using deidentified patient data from the TriNetX database (2011-2022).

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Rome IV recommended esophageal biopsies in patients with dysphagia and normal endoscopy to exclude mucosal disease. Thus far, studies evaluating the utility of this recommendation remain scarce. The aims of this study were to determine the value of random esophageal biopsies in heartburn patients with dysphagia and normal endoscopy and compare the yield of random esophageal biopsies between younger versus older patients.

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Background: Functional constipation (FC) and constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) represent a spectrum of constipation disorders. However, the majority of previous clinical investigations have focused on Western populations, with limited data originating from China.

Aim: To determine and compare the colorectal motility and psychiatric features of FC and IBS-C in an Eastern Chinese population.

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Background And Aims: Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is considered a nonirradiating, noninvasive, well-tolerated, and valuable tool for objectively assessing Crohn's disease (CD) activity. However, there is no widely accepted intestinal ultrasound scoring system. This study is aimed at evaluating the efficacy of IUS key parameters, the International Bowel Ultrasound Activity Score (IBUS-SAS), and IBUS-SAS combined with blood inflammatory markers in assessing CD activity.

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Background And Aims: Estrogen-based therapies may increase the risk of gastroesophageal reflux (GERD) and its complications. We aimed to determine the effect of raloxifene on the development of GERD, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal stricture in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.

Methods: This was a population-based, propensity-matched cohort study using the TriNetX platform.

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Background: Shorter half-life glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) delay gastric emptying (DGE) more than GLP-1 RAs with longer half-lives. DGE is a known risk factor for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and its complications.

Aim: To determine whether short-acting or long-acting GLP-1 RAs are associated with an increased risk of new GERD or GERD-related complications DESIGN: We used the TriNetX global database to identify adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and generated two cohorts totalling 1 543 351 patients on (1) GLP-1 RA or (2) other second-line diabetes medication.

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