[Effects of artificial microRNA targeting glucosylceramide synthase on drug sensitivity of breast cancer cells].

Objective: To explore the inhibitory effects on glucosylceramide synthase (GCS) expression and drug sensitivity in breast cancer cells by transfecting artificial microRNA targeting GCS.

Methods: Two microRNA expression vectors targeting GCS were constructed and transfected into MCF-7/ADR cells via Lipofectamine 2000. The levels of GCS mRNA and protein were measured by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot respectively.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-2a is associated with ABCG2 expression, histology-grade and Ki67 expression in breast invasive ductal carcinoma.

Background: Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer mortality in women worldwide. Hypoxia is an important factor involved in the progression of solid tumors and has been associated with various indicators of tumor metabolism, angiogenesis and metastasis. But little is known about the contribution of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-2a (HIF-2a) to the drug resistance and the clinicopathological characteristics in breast cancer.

[Significance of MUM-1/IRF4 protein expression in follicular lymphoma].

Objective: To study the expression of MUM-1/IRF4 and its significance in follicular lymphoma.

Methods: Ninety-eight cases of follicular lymphoma were enrolled into the study. They were graded according to the 2008 WHO criteria.

Detection of hemorrhagic hypointense foci in radiation injury region using susceptibility-weighted imaging.

Background: Susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI), a novel, highly sensitive 3D gradient echo MR imaging technique, is used to detect hemorrhage.

Purpose: To evaluate SWI at 3.0T for detection and visualization of hemorrhage at radiation injury region after radiotherapy for brain glioma.

Screening of deoxyribozyme with high reversal efficiency against multidrug resistance in breast carcinoma cells.

Specific inhibition of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) expression, which is encoded by multidrug resistance gene-1 (MDR1), is considered a well-respected strategy to overcome multidrug resistance (MDR). Deoxyribozymes (DRz) are catalytic nucleic acids that could cleave a target RNA in sequence-specific manner. However, it is difficult to select an effective target site for DRz in living cells.

Noninvasive evaluation of cerebral glioma grade by using multivoxel 3D proton MR spectroscopy.

Objective: To determine whether metabolite ratios in multivoxel 3D proton MR spectroscopy (¹H MRS) is different between low-grade and high-grade gliomas and may be useful for glioma grading.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-nine patients (23 male and 16 female; 22-75 years old; mean age, 44.92±12.

[Study on the sensitizing potential of shuanghuanglian injection using popliteal lymph node assay in C57BL/6J mice].

Objective: To investigate the sensitizing potential of Shuanghuanglian Injection (SHL) by comparing the popliteal lymph node (PLN) response in mice induced by SHL and chemicals.

Methods: Sixty female C57BL/6J mice were equally and randomly divided into six groups, i.e.

Lymphangiogenesis in gastric carcinoma correlates with prognosis.

Lymphatic metastasis is an important way that gastric carcinomas can spread. However, little is known about the mechanisms of lymphangiogenesis and its clinical significance in gastric carcinomas. In the present study, lymphatic vessel density (LVD), VEGF-C expression, and proliferative activity of lymphatic endothelium were determined in human gastric carcinomas and xenografts of gastric cancer cells in nude mice.

Clinicopathological significance of peritumoral lymphatic vessel density in gastric carcinoma.

Lymphangiogenesis has recently been considered important for spread of malignant tumors. In the present study, lymphatic vessel density (LVD) including peritumoral LVD (P-LVD) and intratumoral LVD (I-LVD) was determined, respectively, by immunohistochemical staining with the antibody to LYVE-1 in 63 cases of early gastric carcinoma and 105 cases of advanced gastric carcinoma. The aim of the study is to investigate whether or not increased LVD could be a risk factor for nodal metastasis and survival.

Distributions of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in gastrointestinal intramucosal tumors.

Background: Although angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis in gastrointestinal cancers has been investigated in many studies, their distribution characteristics in gastrointestinal intramucosal tumors have not been well addressed.

Methods: We evaluated the blood microvessel density (BMVD) and lymphatic microvessel density (LMVD) by immunostaining with monoclonal antibodies of CD34 and D2-40 in 37 patients with stomach intramucosal carcinoma and 28 patients with colorectal intramucosal neoplasia. Microvessels with endothelial cells labeled by CD34 but not by D2-40 were recognized as blood microvessels; and microvessels with endothelial cells labeled by both CD34 and D2-40 were recognized as lymphatic vessels.

Reversal of drug resistance in breast carcinoma cells by anti-mdr1 ribozyme regulated by the tumor-specific MUC-1 promoter.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a serious obstacle for cancer chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to reverse MDR of breast carcinoma cells specifically by degrading mdr1 mRNA with anti-mdr1 ribozyme. Our strategy was to limit the expression of ribozyme to only breast-derived cells, but not other type of cells.

[Reversion the multidrug resistance of human breast carcinoma cells by RNA interference targeting HIF-1 alpha gene].

Objective: To reverse the multidrug resistant (MDR) phenotype of human breast carcinoma cells by small hairpin RNA (shRNA) technique targeting hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1alpha gene.

Methods: Small hairpin RNA (shRNA) eukaryotic expression vector targeting HIF-1alpha gene, named pSilencer-HIF, was constructed and transfected into MCF-7/ADR human breast cancer cells by liposome technique. Tumor cell livability (TCL) and Rhodamine 123 efflux assay were used to monitor the biological changes of the transfected cells.

Reversal MDR in breast carcinoma cells by transfection of ribozyme designed according the secondary structure of mdr1 mRNA.

Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a major obstacle in cancer chemotherapy. The present study aims to investigate whether the ribozyme could reverse MDR in breast carcinoma cells. In this study, two GUC sites (GUC106 and GUC135) on the surface of mdr1 mRNA were selected according to the secondary structure of the 5'-region of mdrl mRNA.

Lymphatic vessel density as a prognostic indicator for patients with stage I cervical carcinoma.

Lymphatic vessel density (LVD) was recently considered important for spread of several malignant tumors. However, there are no reports describing the situation in cervical carcinoma. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether LVD could serve as a risk factor for nodal metastasis and recurrence of cervical carcinoma in 147 cases of stage I patients.

[The relationship of abnormal expression of cell glucoprotein with recurrence of pleomorphic adenoma in salivary gland].

Objective: To study the relationship of expression of mucin 1 and E-cadherin with recurrence of pleomorphic adenoma in salivary gland, and to investigate the signal to predict the recurrence potential of the tumor.

Methods: ; The capsule of tumor was observed by microscope. The expression of mucin 1 and E-cadherin in 33 cases of primary adenoma, 12 cases of recurrent pleomorphic adenomas and 7 cases of malignant pleomorphic adenomas were detected by immunohistochemistry.

[Construction of glucosylceramide synthase-specific siRNA expression vector and its efficiency in reversal of drug resistance in breast carcinoma cells].

Objective: To construct a glucosylceramide synthase (GCS)-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) expression vector and to investigate the inhibitory effect of this siRNA on GCS expression and drug resistance in breast carcinoma cells.

Methods: Two GCS gene-specific siRNAs were designed and cloned into the expression vector pSUPER to generate the plasmids pSUPER-GCS1 and pSUPER-GCS2. Human adriamycin (ADM)-resistant breast carcinoma cells of the line MCF-7/ADR and human adriamycin-sensitive breast carcinoma cells of the line MCF-7 were cultured and transfected with pSUPER-GCS1, pSUPER-GCS2, and blank vector pSUPER as controls.

[Expression of mucin 1 and tumor invasiveness in breast carcinoma].

Objective: To study the relationship of abnormal expression of mucin 1 with the invasiveness of breast carcinoma cells.

Methods: Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the protein expression of mucin 1 in 5 specimens of juxta-cancerous normal tissues, 20 specimens of benign breast tumors, 35 specimens of early breast carcinoma, 22 specimens of infiltrating cancerous tissues, and 20 specimens of lymph node foci with metastatic breast carcinoma. Human breast cancer cells of the line MCF-7 were cultured and transfected with antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) of mucin 1.

[Methylation of mismatch repair gene (MMR) in primary hepatocellular carcinoma].

Objective: To assess the role of methylated mismatch repair (MMR) genes (hMLH1, hMSH2 and hMSH3) in the carcinogenesis and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Samples of 38 cases of HCC along with their corresponding noncancerous tissues, 2 samples of donated normal tissue and 6 cell lines were collected and subject to the methylation-specific PCR (MSP) to examine promoter methylation status of MLH1, MSH2 and MSH3. Six tumor cell lines were analyzed before and after 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine treatment.

Alteration of cyclin D1 in gastric carcinoma and its clinicopathologic significance.

Aim: To detect the genetic alteration and abnormal expression of cyclin D1 in gastric carcinoma and investigate its clinicopathologic significance in advanced gastric carcinoma.

Methods: Proteins of cyclin D1 were detected by immunohistochemistry in 42 cases of advanced gastric carcinoma with their follow-up data available, 27 cases of early stage carcinoma, 21 cases of gastric adenoma, 22 cases of hyperplastic polyp and 20 cases of normal mucosa adjacent to adenocarcinomas. Genetic alteration of cyclin D1 was detected by Southern blot and expression of cyclin D1 mRNA was detected by PT-PCR in 42 cases of advanced gastric carcinoma.

[Reversal of multidrug resistance of MCF-7/ADR in nude mice by grape seed polyphenol].

Objective: To study the reversing effect of Grape seed polyphenol (GSP) on multidrug resistance of MCF-7/ADR cell in vivo.

Methods: The transplantable breast carcinoma cell line MCF-7/ADR model was established in BALB/C-nu/nu mice by subcutaneous implantation. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to investigate the changes of Pgp expression and apoptosis rate after different drug treatment.