Diminished salivary cortisol response to mental stress predict all-cause mortality in general population.

Objectives: To characterize individuals with a diminished salivary cortisol response to mental stress, assess its association with all-cause mortality, and quantify the mediating effects of the most relevant and modifiable factors to identify potential target for prevention.

Methods: Data from MIDUS II study with a 16-year follow-up, were used to categorize 1129 participants as responders or non-responders based on the existence of increase in salivary cortisol under mental stress. LASSO-logistics analysis identified the most relevant factors.

Evolutionary game analysis on the regulation of medical devices used in health services delivery.

Medical devices (MDs) play a critical role in healthcare delivery while also bringing potential medical risks and unintended harms to patients. Although government regulation is well recognized as a critical and essential function for ensuring the safety of MDs in many countries, the supplementary role that hospitals play is often neglected. This paper constructs a tripartite evolutionary game model involving the government, hospitals, and MDs enterprises to explore their strategic behaviors of MDs regulation in healthcare delivery.

A time series study of the association between extreme temperature and ozone on varicella incidence.

This study aimed to discuss the effects of extreme temperatures and ozone on the incidence of varicella in Shijiazhuang City from 2014 to 2022, which provides new ideas for preventing public health events. METHODS We collected varicella cases in Shijiazhuang, China, from 2014 to 2022 and evaluated the relationship between temperature extremes and ozone on varicella incidence by building distributional lag nonlinear models. The analysis was stratified by age and sex, with 19,188 varicella cases reported.

Ruptured Ovarian Mature Cystic Teratoma with Adenocarcinoma Transformation: A Case Report.

Purpose: Ovarian mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is the most common ovarian tumor, and only a small fraction undergoes malignant transformation. The most prevalent malignant type of the ovary is squamous cell carcinoma, followed by adenocarcinoma. However, ruptured ovarian mature cystic teratoma with adenocarcinoma transformation is extremely rare.

A nomogram to distinguish noncardiac chest pain based on cardiopulmonary exercise testing in cardiology clinic.

Background: Psychological disorders, such as anxiety and depression, are considered to be one of the causes of noncardiac chest pain (NCCP). And these patients can be challenging to differentiate from coronary artery disease (CAD), leading to a considerable number of patients still undergoing angiography. We aim to develop a practical prediction model and nomogram using cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET), to help identify these patients.

Benefits, harms, and cost-effectiveness of risk model-based and risk factor-based low-dose computed tomography screening strategies for lung cancer: a systematic review.

Background: It has been proposed that risk model-based strategies could serve as viable alternatives to traditional risk factor-based approaches in lung cancer screening; however, there has been no systematic discussion. In this review, we provide an overview of the benefits, harms, and cost-effectiveness of these two strategies in lung cancer screening application, as well as discussing possible future research directions.

Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, a comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane libraries, and EMBASE from January 1994 to April 2024.

PAGE-based transfer learning from single-cell to bulk sequencing enhances model generalization for sepsis diagnosis.

Sepsis, caused by infections, sparks a dangerous bodily response. The transcriptional expression patterns of host responses aid in the diagnosis of sepsis, but the challenge lies in their limited generalization capabilities. To facilitate sepsis diagnosis, we present an updated version of single-cell Pair-wise Analysis of Gene Expression (scPAGE) using transfer learning method, scPAGE2, dedicated to data fusion between single-cell and bulk transcriptome.

In-situ designed Bi metal @ defective BiOSO to enhance photocatalytic NO removal via boosted directional interfacial charge transfer.

Photocatalytic technology provides a new approach for the harmless treatment of low concentration NO in the atmosphere. The development of high-performance semiconductor materials to improve the light absorption efficiency and the separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers is the focus of the research. Bismuth oxybismuth sulfate (BiOSO) shows significant potential for photocatalytic NO purification due to its unique electronic and layered structure.

Gut microbiota changes associated with frailty in older adults: A systematic review of observational studies.

Background: Frailty is a complex aging-related syndrome characterized by a cumulative loss of physiological reserve and increased vulnerability to adverse clinical outcomes, including falls, disability, incapacity and death. While an increasing number of studies suggest that the gut microbiota may play a key role in the pathophysiology of frailty, direct evaluation of the association between gut microbiome alterations and frailty in older adults remains limited.

Aim: To gain insight into gut dysbiosis in frail older adults.

Dual Interfacial Modifications by a Natural Organic Acid Enable High-Performance Perovskite Solar Cells with Lead Shielding.

Effective interfacial modification of the perovskite layer is a feasible approach to improve the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, we introduce a dual interfacial modification approach utilizing a natural organic acid, citric acid (CA), to enhance both interfaces adjacent to the crucial perovskite layer within the PSC structure. First, a CA thin layer is deposited on the top of a SnO electron transport layer to mitigate the corrosive effects of alkaline impurities in SnO on the perovskite film and to control the crystal growth of the perovskite.

A testis-specific long non-coding RNA, 1700052I22Rik, regulates spermatid chromatin condensation in mice.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), serving as diverse functional regulators, are abundantly expressed in the testis. However, many testis-specific or preferentially expressed lncRNAs remain uncharacterized. Here, we report a testis-specific lncRNA, 1700052I22Rik, which exhibits a dynamic expression pattern during spermatogenesis.

Metabolic transformation of paralytic shellfish toxins in the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis under different exposure modes.

Gymnodinium catenatum is a widely distributed toxic marine dinoflagellate that produces paralytic shellfish toxins (PSTs). It is prone to causing algal blooms and poses a serious threat to the shellfish industry and human health. Previous studies have shown that when algal blooms occur, shellfish can accumulate PSTs in their bodies due to filtration.

Senolytic cocktail dasatinib and quercetin attenuates chronic high altitude hypoxia associated bone loss in mice.

Chronic high-altitude hypoxia (CHH) induces irreversible abnormalities in various organisms. Emerging evidence indicates that CHH markedly suppresses bone mass and bone strength. Targeting senescent cells and the consequent senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) with senolytics is a recently developed novel therapy for multiple age-related diseases.

TaFAR9 and TaFAR10 synergistically regulate fertility conversion of photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterility lines in wheat by modulating ROS homeostasis.

Photo-thermo-sensitive genic male sterility (PTGMS), which exhibits varying fertility levels under different environmental conditions, is a crucial method for heterosis utilization in wheat. However, the mechanisms underlying fertility conversion remain unclear. In the study, three BS type PTGMS lines were analyzed to study fertility conversion characteristics.

miR-1458 is inhibited by low concentrations of Vitamin B6 and targets TBX6 to promote the formation of spermatogonial stem cells in Rugao Yellow Chicken.

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) have vast application prospects in livestock and poultry production, genetic engineering, and medical research. However, the scarcity of SSCs and the complexity of their development limit the elucidation and verification of the mechanism of SSCs in vitro. Although miRNAs have been identified as critical players in germ cell development, upstream regulatory mechanisms by which miRNAs regulate SSCs formation are rarely reported.

Effect of different oleogelators on physicochemical properties, oxidative stability and astaxanthin delivery of macadamia oil-based oleogels.

Oleogels can be formed using different types of oleogelator, which lead to different end properties. In this study, four kinds of oleogelators, rice bran wax (RBW), monoglyceride stearate (MG), beeswax (BW), and a mixture of β-sitosterol and γ-oryzanol (SO) were used to prepare astaxanthin-loaded macadamia oil-based oleogels. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, polarized light microscopy, X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic shear rheometry were then used to evaluate the effects of the different oleogelators and astaxanthin on the physicochemical properties of the oleogels.

Effects of Perillaldehyde and Polyamines on Defense Mechanisms of Sweet Potatoes against .

Sweet potato () serves as a significant food and economic crop worldwide. However, its production and safety are jeopardized by black rot, a disease caused by . Although polyamines (PAs) are common biological growth factors, their function in the storage of fruits and vegetables remains poorly understood.

Mediating role of gut microbiota on Baduanjin for cognitive function in community-dwelling older adults with mild cognitive impairment: a study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: The gut microbiome plays an important role in maintaining both cognitive and physical functions in older adults, and gut dysbiosis is an important pathophysiological mechanism of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in older adults. As a typical traditional Chinese mind-body exercise, regular Baduanjin training has been shown to improve cognitive function and modulate the gut microbiome in community-dwelling older adults. However, the potential role of the gut microbiome in the benefits of Baduanjin on cognitive function remains unclear.

Less is more: relative rank is more informative than absolute abundance for compositional NGS data.

High-throughput gene expression data have been extensively generated and utilized in biological mechanism investigations, biomarker detection, disease diagnosis and prognosis. These applications encompass not only bulk transcriptome, but also single cell RNA-seq data. However, extracting reliable biological information from transcriptome data remains challenging due to the constrains of Compositional Data Analysis.

Activating p53 with a Mutant-Specific Small Molecule.

is the most commonly mutated gene in cancer, but it remains recalcitrant to clinically meaningful therapeutic reactivation. We present here the discovery and characterization of a small molecule chemical inducer of proximity that activates mutant p53. We named this compound TRanscriptional Activator of p53 () due to its ability to engage mutant p53 and BRD4 in a ternary complex, which potently activates mutant p53 and triggers robust p53 target gene transcription.

Inversion of nitrogen and phosphorus contents in cotton leaves based on the Gaussian mixture model and differences in hyperspectral features of UAV.

The nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) contents in cotton leaves can directly reflect growth conditions. Rapid and nondestructive acquisition of the N and P content in cotton leaves at the field scale is essential for rational fertilization strategies and precision agriculture. However, traditional direct destructive sampling in the field is performed at the sample point scale, which cannot rapidly obtain cotton leaf N and P content from the entire field.

A prospective multicenter birth cohort in China: pregnancy health atlas.

The China Prospective Multi-Center Birth Cohort Study was launched in 2022. In collaboration with medical centers in 12 cities, it aims to establish a high-quality, multidimensional cohort comprising 20,000 natural pregnancy and assisted reproductive families. As of June 26, 2024, 12,911 pregnant women have participated in this study, and 161,122 biological samples have been collected.