regulates carbohydrate metabolic functions of the gut microbiome in C57BL/6 mice.

The probiotic impact of microbes on host metabolism and health depends on both host genetics and bacterial genomic variation. is the predominant human gut commensal emerging as a next-generation probiotic. Although this bacterium exhibits substantial intraspecies diversity, it is unclear whether genetically distinct strains might lead to functional differences in the gut microbiome.

A SERS/colorimetric biosensor based on AuNSs@Ag core-shell Prussian blue nanozyme for non-interference and rapid detection of Staphylococcus aureus in milk.

A AuNSs@PB@Ag-Apt surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) probe has been developed by embedding Prussian blue (PB) between Au core and Ag shell. The PB SERS probe illustrates strong SERS activity in the Raman silent region of 2070 cm, and has a zero background signal, ensuring high sensitivity for the detection of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus).

An Electroglottographic and Acoustic Study on Mandarin Speech in Male Heroin Users.

Drug abuse can cause severe damage to the human speech organs. The vocal folds are one of the important speech organs that produce voice through vibration when airflow passes through. Previous studies have reported the negative effects of drugs on speech organs, including the vocal folds, but there is still limited research on relevant field.

IUPHAR review: Targeted therapies of signaling pathways based on the gut microbiome in autism spectrum disorders: Mechanistic and therapeutic applications.

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are complex neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by impairments in social interaction, communication and repetitive activities. Gut microbiota significantly influences behavior and neurodevelopment by regulating the gut-brain axis. This review explores gut microbiota-influenced treatments for ASD, focusing on their therapeutic applications and mechanistic insights.

A Modular Engineered DNA Nanodevice for Precise Profiling of Telomerase RNA Location and Activity.

Increased telomerase activity has been considered as a conspicuous sign of human cancers. The catalytic cores of telomerase involve a reverse transcriptase and the human telomerase RNA (hTR). However, current detection of telomerase is largely limited to its activity at the tissue and single-cell levels.

Isolation, Structure Elucidation, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Two Alkaloids From H. Stem: A Traditional Medicinal Spice and Its Chemico-Pharmacological Aspects.

Bangladesh is endowed with an abundance of excellent medicinal plant resources. A well-known traditional medicinal plant H. from the Piperaceae family is rich in bioactive phytochemicals that have antidiarrheal, antimicrobial, analgesic, antioxidant, anticancer, and cytotoxic effects.

Molecular identification of tick (Acari: Ixodidae) and tick-borne pathogens from Przewalski's gazelle (Procapra Przewalskii) and Tibetan sheep (Ovis aries) in Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve, China.

The Qinghai Lake National Nature Reserve (QLNNR), renowned for its abundant natural resources and diverse ecological habitats, serves as an ideal environment for ticks, thereby increasing the risk of various tick-borne pathogens (TBPs) transmission. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of TBPs in ticks collected from Przewalski's gazelle and Tibetan sheep within the QLNNR. A total of 313 tick samples were collected from the vicinity of Qinghai Lake.

Phyto-pharmacological wonders of genus : Ethnopharmacological insights and phytochemical treasures from natural products.

Natural products have perennially served as a cornerstone for the genesis of novel medicinal compounds. Most clinical therapeutics originate from ancestral herbal remedies and their formulations. Scholars and practitioners have always aimed to extract better remedies to treat various ailments.

Indian Shot ( L). Leaves Provide Valuable Insights into the Management of Inflammation and Other Associated Disorders Offering Health Benefits.

Background: Throughout history, plants have played a crucial role in advancing medicinal treatments by providing a diverse range of compounds for the development of innovative therapies. L. a tropical herb of the Cannaceae family, also known as Indian shot, has a rich history of traditional use in treating ailments like inflammation, malaria, dysentery, fever, dropsy, and diarrhea.

Nanomaterials for spin-based quantum information.

Quantum information science has garnered significant attention due to its potential in solving problems that are beyond the capabilities of classical computations based on integrated circuits. At the heart of quantum information science is the quantum bit or qubit, which is used to carry information. Achieving large-scale and high-fidelity quantum bits requires the optimization of materials with trap-free characteristics and long coherence times.

Astrocytes release ATP/ADP and glutamate in flashes via vesicular exocytosis.

Astrocytes regulate brain functions through gliotransmitters like ATP/ADP and glutamate, but their release patterns and mechanisms remain controversial. Here, we visualized ATP/ADP and glutamate response following astrocyte activation and investigated their mechanisms in vivo. Employing cOpn5-mediated optogenetic stimulation, genetically encoded fluorescent sensors, and two-photon imaging, we observed ATP/ADP released as temporally prolonged and spatially extended flashes that later converted to adenosine.

Integration of network pharmacology, metabolomics and lipidomics for clarifying the role of sphingolipid metabolism in the treatment of liver cancer by regorafenib.

Aims: Regorafenib, an FDA-approved drug for advanced primary liver cancer (PLC), could provide survival benefits for patients. However, markers for its therapeutic sensitivity are lacking. This study seeks to identify sensitive targets of regorafenib in PLC from the perspective of small molecular metabolites.

Dual-Band Emission from Intrinsic and Extrinsic Self-Trapped Excitons in a Zero-Dimensional Copper Halide CsCuBr.

Zero-dimensional CsCuX (X=Cl, Br, or I), the intensively studied light-emitting materials, generally exhibit single-band emissions from intrinsic self-trapped excitons (STEs), while defect-induced (extrinsic) STEs were considered nonemissive. Herein, we observed a dual-band emission from intrinsic and extrinsic STEs for CsCuBr at low temperature, and their emission mechanisms are elucidated. The intrinsic and extrinsic STEs are trapped from different initial states, with remarkably large trapping depths (>900 meV) evaluated at 50 K, indicating their negligible detrapping rates.

HIF-1α-HPRT1 axis promotes tumorigenesis and gefitinib resistance by enhancing purine metabolism in EGFR-mutant lung adenocarcinoma.

Background: The mutations of oncogenic epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important cause of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) malignance. It has been knowm that metabolic reprogramming is an important hallmark of malignant tumors, and purine metabolism is a key metabolic pathway for tumor progression and drug resistance, but its relationship with the EGFR-mutant LUAD is unclear.

Methods: Metabolic reprogramming was studied through capillary electrophoresis-time of flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOF/MS)-based metabolic profiling analysis.

Characterization of the novel bequatrovirus vB-BcgM and its antibacterial effects in a food matrix.

Bacteria belonging to the Bacillus cereus group are ubiquitous in nature, causing food spoilage and food poisoning cases. A bequatrovirus, vB-BcgM, belonging to the C3 cluster infecting B. cereus group members, was isolated and characterized.

Multimodal functional deep learning for multiomics data.

With rapidly evolving high-throughput technologies and consistently decreasing costs, collecting multimodal omics data in large-scale studies has become feasible. Although studying multiomics provides a new comprehensive approach in understanding the complex biological mechanisms of human diseases, the high dimensionality of omics data and the complexity of the interactions among various omics levels in contributing to disease phenotypes present tremendous analytical challenges. There is a great need of novel analytical methods to address these challenges and to facilitate multiomics analyses.

The reproducibility and predictivity of radiomic features extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: To assess the reproducibility of radiomic features (RFs) extracted from dynamic contrast-enhanced computed tomography (DCE-CT) scans of patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with regards to inter-observer variability and acquisition timing after contrast injection. The predictive ability of reproducible RFs for differentiating between the degrees of HCC differentiation is also investigated.

Methods: We analyzed a set of DCE-CT scans of 39 patients diagnosed with HCC.

A study on the academic innovation ability and influencing factors of public health graduate students based on nomograms: a cross-sectional survey from Shandong, China.

Background: In recent years, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and various public crises has highlighted the importance of cultivating high-quality public health talents, especially those with innovative capabilities. This study focuses on the academic innovation ability of public health postgraduate students, which can provide important theoretical support for the cultivation of more public health workers with high innovative capabilities.

Methods: From May to October 2022, a cluster sampling method was used to select 1,076 public health postgraduate students from five universities in Shandong Province.