Effect of glutathione reductase on photosystem II characterization and reactive oxygen species metabolism in cotton cytoplasmic male sterile line Jin A.

Glutathione reductase (GR) maintains the cellular redox state by reducing oxidized glutathione to glutathione (GSH), which regulates antioxidant defense. Additionally, GR plays an essential role in photosynthesis; however, the mechanism by which GR regulates photosystem II (PSII) is largely unknown. We identified six, three, and three GR genes in Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium arboreum, and Gossypium raimondii, respectively.

Associations of the serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D with mortality among patients in osteopenia or osteoporosis.

Purpose: The correlation between serum vitamin D and mortality in patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis remains unclear. Therefore, this study examined the relationship between serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D [(25(OH)D] and mortality in patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis.

Methods And Result: This prospective cohort study included patients with osteopenia or osteoporosis from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2001 to 2018.

Robot-assisted medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction in the treatment of recurrent patellar dislocation can improve tunnel accuracy but yields similar outcome compared with traditional technique.

Purpose: To review patients with recurrent patellar dislocation surgically treated with robot-assisted medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction compared with patients who underwent surgery using the traditional freehand technique.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed to identify patients who underwent MPFL reconstruction from January 2020 to December 2023 in our hospital. The inclusion criteria were: patients aged from 15 to 50 years; patellar dislocation occurred two or more times; a Merchant view or computed tomography (CT) scan indicating patellofemoral joint malalignment, external patellar inclination, or lateral patellar dislocation; underwent MPFL reconstruction via robot-assisted or traditional freehand technique; complete medical records and imaging data before and after surgery; a minimum of 1 year of postoperative follow-up.

Nanoarchitectonics for Regulating Molecular Conductance by Multi-Channel Structure.

Molecular electronics represent the cutting-edge and interdisciplinary effort on the future miniaturization of electronic circuits. Benefiting from synthetic chemistry and theoretical insights, molecular circuit studies have promoted devices with increasingly complicated structures. Especially, the evolution of conductive backbones from simple chain-shape single-channel configurations to complex multi-channel architectures marks a pivotal progression.

Establishment of Gas-Liquid-Solid Interface on Multilevel Porous CuO for Potential-Driven Selective CO Electroreduction toward C or C Products.

Copper-based catalysts demonstrate distinctive multicarbon product activity in the CO electroreduction reaction (CORR); however, their low selectivity presents significant challenges for practical applications. Herein, we have developed a multilevel porous spherical CuO structure, wherein the mesopores are enriched with catalytic active sites and effectively stabilize Cu, while the macropores facilitate the formation of a "gas-liquid-solid" three-phase interface, thereby creating a microenvironment with an increasing water concentration gradient from the interior to the exterior. Potential-driven phase engineering and protonation synergistically optimize the reaction pathway, facilitating a switch between CO and CH.

Endogenous hydrogen sulfide persulfidates endothelin type A receptor to inhibit pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell proliferation.

Background: The binding of endothelin-1 (ET-1) to endothelin type A receptor (ETAR) performs a critical action in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cell (PASMC) proliferation leading to pulmonary vascular structural remodeling. More evidence showed that cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE)-catalyzed endogenous hydrogen sulfide (HS) was involved in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of endogenous HS/CSE pathway on the ET-1/ETAR binding and its underlying mechanisms in the cellular and animal models of PASMC proliferation.

Modulation of TNFR 1-Triggered Inflammation and Apoptosis Signals by Jacaranone in Cancer Cells.

Jacaranone derived from , a traditional Chinese medicine used for centuries, has been documented to exhibit anti-inflammatory and antiproliferative properties in various tumor cell lines. However, the mechanism of action and relationship between inflammation and apoptosis induced by jacaranone remain inadequately elucidated. In this study, the targets of jacaranone and cancer were identified from various databases, while potential targets and pathways were predicted through the analysis of the protein-protein interactions (PPI) network and pathway enrichment.

Cyst of the canal of Nuck in an adult female patient: A case report on surgical management.

Introduction: The cyst of the canal of Nuck is a rare cause of inguino-labial swelling in adult women, arising from an obliteration failure of the processus vaginalis during embryological development. Its rarity often leads to misdiagnosis and improper treatment. This article highlights its diagnosis and surgical management.

Optimizing surface active sites via burying single atom into subsurface lattice for boosted methanol electrooxidation.

The precise fabrication and regulation of the stable catalysts with desired performance still challengeable for single atom catalysts. Here, the Ru single atoms with different coordination environment in NiFeN lattice are synthesized and studied as a typical case over alkaline methanol electrooxidation. The NiFeN with buried Ru atoms in subsurface lattice (NiFeN-Ru) exhibits high selectivity and Faradaic efficiency of methanol to formate conversion.

Graphene Quantum Dot Sensitized Heterojunctions Induce Tumor-Specific Cuproptosis to Boost Sonodynamic and Chemodynamic Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.

Cuproptosis that utilizes copper ionophore to induce programmed cell death holds promise for enhancing the effectiveness of conventional anticancer therapies and triggering efficient adaptive immune responses. However, the non-tumor-specific release of Cu ions can induce cuproptosis and cause irreversible damage to normal tissues. To maximize the therapeutic effects of tumor-specific cuproptosis, this work reports for the first time the regulation of degradation behaviors of Cu-based nanomaterials using graphene quantum dots (GQDs) as a protection layer.

Ginsenoside Rh2 promotes cell apoptosis in T-cell acute lymphocytic leukaemia by MAPK and PI3K/AKT signalling pathways.

T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (T-ALL) is a common childhood malignant tumour, which has poor prognosis and high recurrence rate. Ginsenoside Rh2 (GRh2), a bioactive ingredient of has significant anti-tumour effect. In this study, we found that gene expressions of Jurkat cells were significantly changed in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signalling pathways after 35 µm GRh2 treatment, involving in JUN, PIEN, AKT3 and MAPK8IP2.

Effect of Chloroplast ATP Synthase on Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism in Cotton.

Abnormal programmed cell death in the tapetum is induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are the main factors leading to cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS). These abnormalities are caused by genetic interactions between nuclear and cytoplasmic genes. To explore the role of chloroplast genes in ROS metabolism, next-generation and single-molecule real-time sequencing of the chloroplast genome were performed in the cotton CMS line Jin A (Jin A-CMS).

Full-Length Transcriptomes Reconstruction Reveals Intraspecific Diversity in Hairy Vetch ( Roth) and Smooth Vetch ( Roth var. ).

Hairy vetch ( Roth) and smooth vetch ( Roth var. ) are important cover crops and legume forage with great economic and ecological values. Due to the large and highly heterozygous genome, full-length transcriptome reconstruction is a cost-effective route to mining their genetic resources.

A split intein and split luciferase-coupled system for detecting protein-protein interactions.

Elucidation of protein-protein interactions (PPIs) represents one of the most important methods in biomedical research. Recently, PPIs have started to be exploited for drug discovery purposes and have thus attracted much attention from both the academic and pharmaceutical sectors. We previously developed a sensitive method, Split Intein-Mediated Protein Ligation (SIMPL), for detecting binary PPIs via irreversible splicing of the interacting proteins being investigated.

Targeting the mTOR-Autophagy Axis: Unveiling Therapeutic Potentials in Osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis (OP) is a widespread age-related disorder marked by decreased bone density and increased fracture risk, presenting a significant public health challenge. Central to the development and progression of OP is the dysregulation of the mechanistic target of the rapamycin (mTOR)-signaling pathway, which plays a critical role in cellular processes including autophagy, growth, and proliferation. The mTOR-autophagy axis is emerging as a promising therapeutic target due to its regulatory capacity in bone metabolism and homeostasis.

Application of MRI imaging technology based on magnetic nanoparticles in diagnosis and prognosis evaluation of prostate cancer.

Objective: Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in men. Early diagnosis and prognosis evaluation are of great significance for the treatment and prevention of prostate cancer. The purpose of this study was to explore the application of magnetic nanoparticle-based MRI imaging technology in the diagnosis and prognosis assessment of prostate cancer.

Neutrophil pyroptosis regulates corneal wound healing and post-injury neovascularisation.

Rationale: The cornea is a unique structure that maintains its clarity by remaining avascular. Corneal injuries can lead to neovascularisation (CNV) and fibrosis and are the third most common cause of blindness worldwide.

Objective: Corneal injuries induce an immune cell infiltration to initiate reparative processes.

Impact of phased COVID-19 vaccine rollout on anxiety and depression among US adult population, January 2019-February 2023: a population-based interrupted time series analysis.

Background: Existing research lacks information on the potential impacts of multi-phased coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine rollouts on population mental health. This study aims to evaluate the impact of various COVID-19 vaccine rollout phases on trends and prevalence of anxiety and depression among US adults at a population level.

Methods: We performed a US population-based multi-intervention interrupted time series analysis through Deep Learning and autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) approaches, analyzing 4 waves of US CDC's Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data (January 2019-February 2023) to assess changes in the weekly prevalence of anxiety and depression following interruptions, including all major COVID-19 vaccine rollout phases from 2020 to early 2023 while considering pandemic-related events.