Publications by authors named "Genevieve McCormack"
Article Synopsis
- Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a severe condition that leads to high rates of ICU admissions and significant mortality, largely due to inflammation and oxidative stress, with few treatment options available.
- Research using transgenic mice with a specific mutation in the antioxidant enzyme extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD) suggests that this mutation helps protect against pneumonia and lung injury by reducing inflammation and neutrophil recruitment.
- The study shows that mice with the R213G variant of EC-SOD experience lower platelet activation and neutrophil influx during pneumonia, and treatment with an SOD mimetic further protects against these inflammatory responses.
We investigated effects of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARV-CoV-2) booster vaccination on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoir size, immune markers, and host immune responses in people with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy. Our data suggest that the SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccine is not likely to replenish the persistent HIV reservoir nor provide an immunologic environment to facilitate active HIV expression/replication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster vaccines provide protection from severe disease, eliciting strong immunity that is further boosted by previous infection. However, it is unclear whether these immune responses are affected by the interval between infection and vaccination. Over a 2-month period, we evaluated antibody and B cell responses to a third-dose mRNA vaccine in 66 individuals with different infection histories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSARS-CoV-2 mRNA booster vaccines provide protection from severe disease, eliciting strong immunity that is further boosted by previous infection. However, it is unclear whether these immune responses are affected by the interval between infection and vaccination. Over a two-month period, we evaluated antibody and B-cell responses to a third dose mRNA vaccine in 66 individuals with different infection histories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- mRNA vaccines for SARS-CoV-2 effectively stimulate immune responses, but some individuals show weaker antibody responses, indicating a need for deeper understanding of B cell immunity.
- The study analyzed B cell responses in individuals receiving the mRNA-1273 vaccine, highlighting that antibody levels were associated with the frequency of early plasmablasts after vaccination.
- Two distinct populations of memory B cells (MBCs) were identified after vaccination, correlating with antibody levels at 2 and 6 months, suggesting these cells significantly influence the strength and longevity of the immune response.
Antiretroviral therapy is highly effective in suppressing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, eradication of the virus in individuals with HIV has not been possible to date. Given that HIV suppression requires life-long antiretroviral therapy, predominantly on a daily basis, there is a need to develop clinically effective alternatives that use long-acting antiviral agents to inhibit viral replication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A substantial proportion of persons who develop COVID-19 report persistent symptoms after acute illness. Various pathophysiologic mechanisms have been implicated in the pathogenesis of postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC).
Objective: To characterize medical sequelae and persistent symptoms after recovery from COVID-19 in a cohort of disease survivors and controls.
Article Synopsis
- SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines, like the Moderna vaccine, show high effectiveness, but individual immune responses can vary, especially in antibody production.
- Researchers studied the immune response in adults, finding strong antibody responses (IgA and IgG) that were linked to the activation of spike-specific plasmablasts, which were notably more intense after the second vaccine dose.
- They also discovered different types of memory B cells (MBC) that appeared at various times post-vaccination, suggesting that certain immune markers before and after vaccination could predict how well someone might respond to the vaccine in terms of antibody levels.