Determinants of protection against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron BA.1 and Delta infections in fully vaccinated outpatients.

We aimed to evaluate the association between the humoral and cellular immune responses and symptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection with Delta or Omicron BA.1 variants in fully vaccinated outpatients. Anti-receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG levels and interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) release were evaluated at PCR-diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 in 636 samples from negative and positive patients during Delta and Omicron BA.

Dynamics of viral shedding during ancestral or Omicron BA.1 SARS-CoV-2 infection and enhancement of pre-existing immunity during breakthrough infections.

Omicron variant is circulating in the presence of a globally acquired immunity unlike the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 isolate. Herein, we investigated the normalized viral load dynamics and viral culture status in 44 fully vaccinated healthcare workers (HCWs) infected with the Omicron BA.1 variant.

Rapid and reliable inactivation protocols for the diagnostics of emerging viruses: The example of SARS-CoV-2 and monkeypox virus.

The emergence and sustained transmission of novel pathogens are exerting an increasing demand on the diagnostics sector worldwide, as seen with the ongoing severe acute respiratory coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic and the more recent public health concern of monkeypox virus (MPXV) since May 2022. Appropriate and reliable viral inactivation measures are needed to ensure the safety of personnel handling these infectious samples. In the present study, seven commercialized diagnosis buffers, heat (56°C and 60°C), and sodium dodecyl sulfate detergent (2.

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant, Lineage BA.1, Is Associated with Lower Viral Load in Nasopharyngeal Samples Compared to Delta Variant.

Objectives: High viral load in upper respiratory tract specimens observed for Delta cases might contribute to its increased infectivity compared to the other variant. However, it is not yet documented if the Omicron variant's enhanced infectivity is also related to a higher viral load. Our aim was to determine if the Omicron variant's spread is also related to higher viral loads compared to the Delta variant.

Two-step strategy for the identification of SARS-CoV-2 variant of concern 202012/01 and other variants with spike deletion H69-V70, France, August to December 2020.

We report the strategy leading to the first detection of variant of concern 202012/01 (VOC) in France (21 December 2020). First, the spike (S) deletion H69-V70 (ΔH69/ΔV70), identified in certain SARS-CoV-2 variants including VOC, is screened for. This deletion is associated with a S-gene target failure (SGTF) in the three-target RT-PCR assay (TaqPath kit).

Analytical Performances of the Panther Fusion System for the Detection of Respiratory Viruses in the French National Reference Centre of Lyon, France.

Respiratory infection are mainly caused by viral pathogens. During the 2017-2018 epidemic season, Panther Fusion Respiratory kits (Influenza virus A&B (FluA&B), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus (ADV), metapneumovirus (MPV), rhinovirus (RV), parainfluenzae virus (PIV), were compared to the Respiratory MultiWells System r-gene. Respiratory clinical specimens were tested retrospectively ( = 268) and prospectively ( = 463).

Performance Assessment of SARS-CoV-2 PCR Assays Developed by WHO Referral Laboratories.

A reliable diagnostic assay is crucial to early detect new COVID-19 cases and limit severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. Since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the World Health Organization has published several diagnostic molecular approaches developed by referral laboratories, including Charité (Germany), HKU (Hong Kong), China CDC (China), US CDC (United States), and Institut Pasteur, Paris (France). We aimed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of these different RT-PCR assays using SARS-CoV-2 cell culture supernatants and clinical respiratory samples.

Decontamination of Intravaginal Probes Infected by Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Using UV-C Decontamination System.

Background: This three-step study evaluated ultraviolet-C (UV-C) efficacy against human papillomavirus (HPV) found on vaginal ultrasound probes.

Methods: The first two steps evaluated UV-C disinfection of vaginal ultrasound probes in routine condition. During the first phase, the probe ( = 100) was sampled after a complete cleaning and disinfection protocol, i.

Optimized nested PCR enhances biological diagnosis and phylogenetic analysis of human parvovirus B19 infections.

Diagnosis and epidemiological analysis of human parvovirus B19 (hB19V) infections are essential for disease management in severely ill patients. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of an optimized NS1-VP1u nested PCR for detection and sequencing of viruses in clinical samples using 224 clinical and five reference samples. PCR sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were perfect (100%).

Resistance of herpes simplex viruses to acyclovir: an update from a ten-year survey in France.

The widespread use of acyclovir (ACV) and the increasing number of immunocompromised patients have raised concern about an increase in ACV-resistant herpes simplex virus (HSV). ACV resistance has traditionally been a major concern for immunocompromised patients with a frequency reported between 2.5% and 10%.

The clinical interest of HSV1 semi-quantification in bronchoalveolar lavage.

Background: Detecting high herpes simplex (HSV) viral load in lower respiratory tract samples is reported to be significantly associated with the severity of the illness in critical patients, particularly in patients on mechanical ventilation. It may therefore be of interest to quantify HSV in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Quantitative PCR for HSV is not commonly available in clinical routine.

Successful immunotherapy in life-threatening parvovirus B19 infection in a child.

We report a case of an immunocompetent child who developed parvovirus B19 infection complicated by autoinflammatory disease with myocarditis, tamponade and macrophage activation syndrome. He recovered with immunotherapy including prednisone, immunoglobulins, cyclosporin and anakinra (anti-interleukin-1). The report shows that parvovirus can provoke severe systemic inflammation with acute heart injury and that anti-interleukin-1 might be considered in such parvovirus-related inflammation.

Successful H1N1 influenza vaccination of children receiving chemotherapy for solid tumors.

Background: The hemato-oncology community has been seriously concerned about the H1N1 pandemic of 2009. Here, we report on the evaluation of the immunogenicity and tolerability of H1N1v monovalent vaccines in young patients with cancer during this pandemic.

Procedure: Between December 7, 2009 and February 26, 2010, 20 children receiving chemotherapy for solid tumors at the Institute of Hematology and Pediatric Oncology of Lyon, were immunized by 2 doses of either AS03-adjuvanted or nonadjuvanted vaccine.

Human parechovirus infections, Lyon, France, 2008-10: evidence for severe cases.

Background: Although data documenting the frequency and severity of human parechovirus type 3 (HPeV-3) infection in infants have been published in Canada, the USA, the UK and the Netherlands, no data from France are available.

Objectives: To determine the detection frequency of HPeV in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples collected from children aged <5 years hospitalized between 2008 and 2010 in the University Hospital of Lyon and to describe the clinical, virological and biological characteristics associated with HPeV infection.

Study Design: A total of 1128 CSF samples were retrospectively tested using the Parechovirus-Rgene™ real-time RT-PCR assay.

[Kidney transplantation and infection in childhood].

Infectious risk is more important in the transplanted child than in adult because children are less often immunised against pathogens ant more exposed than adults to numerous infectious agents (virus but also bacteria including pneumococcus). The application of the standard immunisation schedule must be a permanent concern of transplantation (Tx) teams. Some vaccines that are not planned in the standard immunization schedule are particularly advised for the child and his family circle, as well as for caregivers.

Epidemiology of human enterovirus 71 infections in France, 2000-2009.

Background: Human enterovirus 71 (EV-71) emerged as a significant pathogen able to cause large outbreaks involving severe neurological cases and children fatalities in Asia.

Objectives: To describe epidemiology of EV-71 infections in France.

Study Design: Fifty-nine patients admitted in 12 different hospitals from 1994 to 2009 were included.

Multicenter evaluation of the ENTEROVIRUS R-gene real-time RT-PCR assay for the detection of enteroviruses in clinical specimens.

Background: The rapid molecular diagnosis of enteroviral meningitis has been shown important for an adequate management of the patients.

Objectives: A new CE-marked real-time RT-PCR assay (ENTEROVIRUS R-gene, Argene) was evaluated in two university hospital virology laboratories.

Study Design: Reactivity, analytical sensitivity and specificity were evaluated using 54 prototype and 173 clinical human enterovirus (HEV) strains, a 12-sample HEV proficiency panel, and 30 non-HEV microorganisms.

Drug targets in herpes simplex and Epstein Barr Virus infections.

Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Epstein Barr Virus (EBV) are Herpesviridae. Although infections are often subclinical, HSV can cause mild to severe diseases, especially in immunocompromised patients. EBV infections are also often asymptomatic but this virus may be associated to carcinoma in immunocompetent patients and to severe diseases in immunocompromised patients.

The impact of dual viral infection in infants admitted to a pediatric intensive care unit associated with severe bronchiolitis.

Introduction: Bronchiolitis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in early childhood worldwide. The presence of more than one pathogen may influence the natural history of acute bronchiolitis in infants.

Objective: To investigate the relevance of dual viral infection in infants with severe bronchiolitis hospitalized in a short-term unit compared with those in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU).

Influenza burden in febrile infants and young children in a pediatric emergency department.

Background: In France, epidemiologic data in children in ambulatory settings are scarce. We aimed to measure the burden of influenza in young children.

Methods: Febrile children younger than 36 months were consecutively recruited in a pediatric emergency department during the 2002 epidemic peak.

Epidemiology and burden of rotavirus diarrhea in day care centers in Lyon, France.

This study gives, for the first time, an estimate of the incidence and the cost of rotavirus infection in day care centers in Lyon, France.

Human parainfluenza virus type 4 infections: a report of 20 cases from 1998 to 2002.

Background: Human Parainfluenza Viruses (HPIV) type 4 are responsible for respiratory infections. Unlike HPIV types 1-3, they are associated with mild infections and appear to be infrequent. Thus, they often go undetected.