Computational fluid dynamics simulations of inhaled nano- and microparticle deposition in the rhesus monkey nasal passages.

Anatomically accurate computational fluid dynamics (CFD) models of the nasal passages of an infant (6 months old, 1.3 kg) and adult (7 years old, 11.9 kg) rhesus monkey were used to predict nasal deposition of inhaled nano- and microparticles.

Modeling the acute health effects of astronauts from exposure to large solar particle events.

Radiation exposure from Solar Particle Events (SPE) presents a significant health concern for astronauts for exploration missions outside the protection of the Earth's magnetic field, which could impair their performance and result in the possibility of failure of the mission. Assessing the potential for early radiation effects under such adverse conditions is of prime importance. Here we apply a biologically based mathematical model that describes the dose- and time-dependent early human responses that constitute the prodromal syndromes to consider acute risks from SPEs.

Placing long-term and acute radiation effects in a common framework.

No method presently exists for placing long-term risks from low-level radiation doses and acute radiation sickness (ARS) from high-level doses within a common framework useful for the military commander. This article proposes such a method. The Defense Threat Reduction Agency and its predecessor agencies pioneered the quantitative description of the impact of ARS on human performance capability and military unit effectiveness.