Genetic Mining of Newly Isolated Salmophages for Phage Therapy.

, a Gram-negative zoonotic bacterium, is mainly a food-borne pathogen and the main cause of diarrhea in humans worldwide. The main reservoirs are found in poultry farms, but they are also found in wild birds. The development of antibiotic resistance in species raises concerns about the future of efficient therapies against this pathogen and revives the interest in bacteriophages as a useful therapy against bacterial infections.

A High-Content Larval Zebrafish Brain Imaging Method for Small Molecule Drug Discovery.

Drug discovery in whole-organisms such as zebrafish is a promising approach for identifying biologically-relevant lead compounds. However, high content imaging of zebrafish at cellular resolution is challenging due to the difficulty in orienting larvae en masse such that the cell type of interest is in clear view. We report the development of the multi-pose imaging method, which uses 96-well round bottom plates combined with a standard liquid handler to repose the larvae within each well multiple times, such that an image in a specific orientation can be acquired.

Predictors of occult cancer in acute ischemic stroke patients.

Background: We investigated the prevalence of occult malignancy (OM) in acute ischemic stroke patients to evaluate if any biological marker could help to detect the presence of OM.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed all ischemic stroke patients during 48 months. We did not perform any screening for OM.

Lowering bronchoaspiration rate in an acute stroke unit by means of a 2 volume/3 texture dysphagia screening test with pulsioximetry.

Introduction: During acute stroke, 30% of all patients present dysphagia and 50% of that subgroup will experience bronchoaspiration. Our aim was to compare mortality and bronchoaspiration rates associated with the water test compared to those associated with a 2 volume/3 texture test controlled with pulse oximetry (2v/3t-P test) in our stroke unit.

Patients And Methods: Over a 5-year period, we performed a prospective analysis of all consecutive acute ischaemic stroke patients hospitalised in the Stroke Unit.

Incidence and risk factors of Legionella pneumophila pneumonia during anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy: a prospective French study.

Objective: Our objective was to describe the incidence and risk factors of legionellosis associated with tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α antagonist use.

Methods: From February 1, 2004, to January 31, 2007, we prospectively collected all cases of legionellosis among French patients receiving TNF-α antagonists in the Research Axed on Tolerance of Biotherapies (RATIO) national registry. We conducted an incidence study with the French population as a reference and a case-control analysis with four control subjects receiving TNF-α antagonists per case of legionellosis.

Genotype/phenotype analyses for 53 Crohn's disease associated genetic polymorphisms.

Background & Aims: Recent studies reported a role for more than 70 genes or loci in the susceptibility to Crohn's disease (CD). However, the impact of these associations in clinical practice remains to be defined. The aim of the study was to analyse the relationship between genotypes and phenotypes for the main 53 CD-associated polymorphisms.

Risk factors of anxiety and depression in inflammatory bowel disease.

Background: Little is known in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) regarding risk factors for psychological distress. The aim of this work was to study the disease characteristics and socioeconomic factors associated with anxiety and depression in IBD.

Methods: From December 2008 to June 2009, 1663 patients with IBD (1450 were members of the Association Francois Aupetit, French association of IBD patients) answered a questionnaire about psychological and socioeconomic factors and adherence to treatment.

[Peritoneal parasitic teratoma and chemical dermoid peritonitis].

Chemical peritonitis occurs following intraperitoneal rupture of a mature ovarian dermoid. Rupture may be acute and spontaneous, typically during pregnancy, or iatrogenic. Low grade ruptures lead to parasitic peritoneal dermoid cysts, usually involving the greater omentum, cul-de-sac of Douglas and perihepatic region.

Socioeconomic and psychological factors associated with nonadherence to treatment in inflammatory bowel disease patients: results of the ISSEO survey.

Background: Adherence to treatment is a key condition in preventing relapses in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aims of this study were specifically to study socioeconomic and psychological factors and adherence to treatment in a large cohort of patients.

Methods: A questionnaire concerning demographic, clinical, and psychosocial characteristics was mailed to 6000 IBD patients belonging to the French association of IBD patients (AFA).

Pregnancy outcome in patients with inflammatory bowel disease treated with thiopurines: cohort from the CESAME Study.

Background And Aims: Few studies have been conducted addressing the safety of thiopurine treatment in pregnant women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the pregnancy outcome of women with IBD who have been exposed to thiopurines.

Methods: 215 pregnancies in 204 women were registered and documented in the CESAME cohort between May 2004 and October 2007.

Results of a national survey on quality of life in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Aims: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) have a negative impact on patients' quality of life. The aims of this survey were to learn more about patients' concerns, and to compare their feelings with the beliefs of their close relations and physicians.

Patients And Methods: A specific questionnaire, including the RFIPC and the MFI-20, was used.

Lymphoproliferative disorders in patients receiving thiopurines for inflammatory bowel disease: a prospective observational cohort study.

Background: Reports of an increased risk of lymphoproliferative disorders in patients receiving thiopurines for inflammatory bowel disease are controversial. We assessed this risk in a prospective observational cohort study.

Methods: 19,486 patients with inflammatory bowel disease, of whom 11,759 (60.

Incidence of benign upper respiratory tract infections, HSV and HPV cutaneous infections in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with azathioprine.

Background: There are few data on the incidence of benign infections (upper respiratory tract infections, herpes lesions and viral warts) during exposure to azathioprine.

Aims: To determine the incidence of benign infections in IBD out-patients receiving azathioprine (AZA+) and to look at the influence of leucocyte counts in the onset of these events.

Methods: A total of 230 patients were included in a prospective cohort and observed during 207 patient-years.

Efficacy of infliximab in Crohn's disease. Results of a retrospective multicenter study with a 15-month follow-up.

Objectives: To evaluate prescription practices and response to infliximab treatment for Crohn's disease (CD).

Patients And Methods: The files of CD patients treated with at least one infusion of infliximab treated in gastroenterology units belonging to university teaching hospitals of the Parisian hospitals group (Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) during the year 2000 were analyzed retrospectively.

Results: One hundred and thirty-seven patients (36.

Prior appendectomy and the phenotype and course of Crohn's disease.

Aim: To determine whether prior appendectomy modifies the phenotype and severity of Crohn's disease.

Methods: Appendectomy status and smoking habits were specified by direct interview in 2838 patients consecutively seen between 1995 and 2004. Occurrence of complications and therapeutic needs were reviewed retrospectively.

Predictors of Crohn's disease.

Background & Aims: Early intensive therapy in Crohn's disease should be considered only in patients with disabling disease. The aim of our study was to identify at diagnosis factors predictive of a subsequent 5-year disabling course.

Methods: Among the 1526 patients seen at our unit with Crohn's disease diagnosed between 1985 and 1998, we excluded patients operated on within the first month of the disease, patients with inadequate data, and patients with severe chronic nondigestive disease.

Intestinal perforation in Crohn's disease. Factors predictive of surgical resection.

Unlabelled: New medical therapeutic options challenge the usual surgical management of Crohn's disease patients with intestinal perforation.

Objectives: To determine factors predictive of surgery for perforation in Crohn's disease and define a group of patients that may benefit from non-surgical treatment.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-two patients (69 males, 93 females, mean age 39) with perforated Crohn's disease (fistula, abscess, inflammatory mass) between January 1995 and September 2003 were studied retrospectively.

A dose escalating, placebo controlled, double blind, single dose and multidose, safety and tolerability study of fontolizumab, a humanised anti-interferon gamma antibody, in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease.

Introduction: This study was designed to evaluate the safety of fontolizumab, a humanised anti-interferon gamma antibody, in patients with moderate to severe Crohn's disease (CD).

Patients And Methods: Forty five patients with a CD activity index (CDAI) of 250-450 were randomised in a double blind, placebo controlled, dose escalating fashion to receive single doses of fontolizumab (0.1, 1.

Impact of CT and 18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography image fusion for conformal radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma.

Purpose: To study the impact of fused (18)F-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) images on conformal radiotherapy planning for esophageal carcinoma patients.

Methods And Materials: Thirty-four esophageal carcinoma patients were referred for concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with radical intent. Each patient underwent CT and FDG-hybrid PET for simulation treatment in the same treatment position.

[Impact of computed tomography (CT) and 18F-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) image fusion for conformal radiotherapy in esophageal carcinoma].

Purpose: To study the impact of fused (18)F-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-hybrid positron emission tomography (PET) and computed tomography (CT) images on conformal radiation therapy (CRT) planning for patients with esophageal carcinoma.

Patients And Methods: Thirty-four patients with esophageal carcinoma were referred for concomitant radiotherapy and chemotherapy with radical intent. Each patient underwent CT and FDG-hybrid PET for simulation treatment in the same radiation treatment position.

Impact of pregnancy on the clinical activity of Crohn's disease.

Background: The impact of pregnancy on Crohn's disease activity has been poorly investigated.

Aim: To determine the effect of pregnancy on Crohn's disease activity from the retrospective analysis of a cohort of women who had a regular clinical follow-up.

Methods: Seventy pregnancies occurring in 61 women were studied.

Crohn's disease over 20 years after diagnosis in a referral population.

Objectives: Patients frequently ask questions about the lifetime prognosis of Crohn's disease. The aim of this study was to describe the outcomes of Crohn's disease more than 20 years after diagnosis.

Methods: Data from all patients with Crohn's disease whose diagnosis had been performed before 1st January 1978 were analyzed.

Impact of the increasing use of immunosuppressants in Crohn's disease on the need for intestinal surgery.

Background/aim: Immunosuppressants are now used much earlier in the course of Crohn's disease; however their effect on the natural history of the disease, especially on the need for surgery, is not known. The aim of this study was to assess the evolution of the need for surgery in Crohn's disease during the last 25 years.

Patients And Methods: The medical charts of 2573 patients were reviewed retrospectively.

Epstein-Barr virus viral load in Crohn's disease: effect of immunosuppressive therapy.

Background: More than 80% of non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs) occurring in transplant recipients on immunosuppressive therapy are associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. EBV viral load (EBV-VL) is predictive of NHL occurrence in this setting. The aim of this work was to determine EBV-VL in patients with Crohn's disease (CD), both according to disease activity and use of immunosuppressive therapy, including infliximab.