[Hemolytic activity of new hybrid antioxidants ichfans].

The hemolytic activity of new spatially screened hybrid antioxidants--ichfans--has been studied. The concentration-dependent hemolytic action of high concentrations of ichfans with 8, 10, 12 or 16 carbon atoms in the aliphatic chain has been revealed. A nonmonotonic dependence of the hemolytic activity on the hydrophobic properties of ichfans has been found.

[Effect of ichphans on the structural properties of erythrocyte membranes].

Morphological transformation of erythrocytes and structural changes in the erythrocyte membrane have been revealed by scanning electron microscopy and spin-probe technique. These effects were caused by the incorporation of ichphans, new generation drugs combining antioxidant and anticholinesterase effects, into the erythrocyte membrane and their distribution in the intramembrane space. Different distribution and modulatory effect of the derivatives with different hydrophobic properties have been shown.

[The influence of new hybrid antioxidants ichphans on the kinetics of ascorbate-induced reduction of spin probe radical centers in liposomes].

The influence of new hybrid antioxidants ichphans on the structure of liposome lipid bilayer was studied. The analysis of the kinetics of the ascorbate-induced reduction of spin probe radical centers incorporated in a membrane revealed that ichphans produce a modifying effect on the structure of liposome membrane. It was established that derivates with distinct hydrophobic properties transform different sites of the membrane that are the sites of localization of ichphans in the intramembraneous space.

[Interaction of nonelectrolytes, the derivatives of 5-hydroxybenzimidazole, with erythrocyte membrane].

The method of spin probe and scanning electron microscopy were used to study the effects of some new synthetic antioxidants and bioregulators, the derivatives of 5-hydroxybenzimidazole, on the membrane structure and morphology of erythrocytes. Analysis of EPR spectra and electron micrographs revealed that the derivatives with various side substituents affect the membrane structure and shape of erythrocytes in a concentration-dependent manner, the effect correlating with the hydrophobic properties of the side derivatives. It was shown that all the compounds in the concentration range 1.

[Influence of new hybrid antioxidants ichphans on erythrocyte morphology].

Scanning electron microscopy was used to study the effects of the new generation of compounds ICHFANs, which have a combined antioxidant and acetylcholine esterase inhibitory effect on the surface architectonics of erythrocytes. The incorporation of each of the studied compounds with the positively charged quaternary ammonium in the erythrocyte membrane and their distribution in the itramembraneous space were accompanied by the formation of echinocytes, stomatocytes, and compensative effects on erythrocyte shape. The time-dependent morphological transformation of erythrocytes apparently is determined by changes in the distribution of the compounds between the outer and inner monolayers of the erythrocyte membrane.

[Features of organic nonelectrolyte binding to the erythrocyte membrane].

The capacity of erythrocyte membranes for organic nonelectrolytes from different chemical groups of chemical compounds was studied by the spin probe method and scanning electron microscopy. Hydrophobic spin-labeled derivatives of gamma-carbolin and stearic acid and the screened phenol antioxidant fenozan-1 were used as nonelectrolytes. Based on the analysis of electron spin resonance spectra of the hydrophobic spin-labeled nonelectrolytes and electron micrographs of erythrocytes, differences in the capacity of distribution regions in the intramembrane space of the derivative of gamma-carbolin and fenozan-1, on the one hand, and the spin-labeled derivative of fatty acid, on the other hand, were found.

[The effect of thyroliberin on the structural characteristics of rat erythrocytes].

The effect of regulatory peptide thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) on the structure of the plasma membrane and morphology of rat erythrocytes was studied using a spin probe and scanning electron microscopy. EPR spectra of the spin probe introduced in the intramembrane space demonstrate that TRH at 10(-7) and 10(-3) M induces structural changes in the erythrocyte membrane. Scanning electron microscopy showed that introduction of TRH at 10(-11), 10(-7), and 10(-3) M in the erythrocyte suspension increased the proportion of discocytes as compared to the control.

[Changes in the surface architectonics of erythrocytes under the influence of the synthetic antioxidant fenozan-1].

Scanning electron microscopy revealed changes in erythrocyte morphology induced by the synthetic antioxidant phenozan-1. Phenozan-1 at 10(-7)-10(-5) M acts as an echinocytogen. This effect of the antioxidant is, probably, due to its distribution in the external monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane and associated structural changes.

[Feasibility of correction of blood aggregation properties in the course of extracorporeal hemosorption in atherosclerosis patients].

Aggregation and rheological properties of blood were evaluated in 20 atherosclerotic patients after cryoplasmosorption. The change of the patients' plasma for extracorporeally modified autoplasma reduced coagulation potential, enhanced fibrinolysis and suppressed anticoagulation systems. Clinical efficacy manifested in decreased frequency and duration of anginal episodes, intensity of intermittent claudication.

[The storage and preparation of autologous plasma for transfusions to patients with arteriosclerosis obliterans of the vessels of the lower extremities].

An investigation of the regimen of storage and sorption of plasma in patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of lower extremity vessels has shown that the optimum regimen of storage of plasma is freezing (with addition of 1 thousand of heparin units per 100 ml of plasma) at t = -20 degrees C followed by thawing at t = +6(+/- 2) degrees C in running water before sorption. The optimal sorbent for sorption of plasma of patients with obliterating atherosclerosis of lower extremity vessels is "Actilen" charcoal. The optimal method of sorption is sorption after thawing the plasma.

Influence of metaphos on the structuro-functional organization of mitochondrial membranes.

It has been established by methods of spectrophotometry and spin probe that the organophosphorus pesticide metaphos, widely used in practice, is an inhibitor of NADH2 oxidase of the respiratory chain of the mitochondria and exerts an influence on the structural organization of the mitochondrial membrane. An effect of metaphos on the nature of the distribution and kinetics of NADH2-induced death of monoradical spin probes of various chemical structures was detected in a suspension of submitochondrial particles obtained from beef heart.