Poorly Controlled Pediatric Fracture Pain Requiring Unplanned Medical Assistance or Advice.

Objectives: This study aimed to define the proportion of children who seek assistance for poorly controlled fracture pain, identify factors associated with requesting help, and explore caregivers' opioid preferences.

Methods: We enrolled 251 children and their caregivers in the orthopedic surgery clinic of a tertiary care children's hospital. Children 5 to 17 years old presenting within 10 days of injury for follow-up for a single-extremity, nonoperative long bone fracture(s) were eligible.

Contribution of thirdhand smoke to overall tobacco smoke exposure in pediatric patients: study protocol.

Background: Thirdhand smoke (THS) is the persistent residue resulting from secondhand smoke (SHS) that accumulates in dust, objects, and on surfaces in homes where tobacco has been used, and is reemitted into air. Very little is known about the extent to which THS contributes to children's overall tobacco smoke exposure (OTS) levels, defined as their combined THS and SHS exposure. Even less is known about the effect of OTS and THS on children's health.