Role of calcifying nanoparticles in the development of testicular microlithiasis in vivo.

Background: Calcifying nanoparticles (NPs) have been proven to be associated with a variety of pathological calcification and previously detected in semen samples from patients with testicular microlithiasis (TM). The present study was designed to test the hypothesis if human-derived NPs could invade the seminiferous tubules and induce TM phenotype.

Methods: The animals were divided into three groups.

Melatonin improves bladder symptoms and may ameliorate bladder damage via increasing HO-1 in rats.

This study aims to investigate the efficacy and possible mechanisms of melatonin in treating interstitial cystitis (IC), as melatonin is involved in anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects and plays an important role in neuroprotection. IC was induced by intraperitoneal injection of cyclophosphamide (CP) with melatonin pretreatment or vehicle pretreatment. On day 7, the voiding behaviors were observed.

Resection of a giant renal angiomyolipoma in a solitary kidney with preoperative arterial embolization.

Renal angiomyolipoma is a type of benign tumor that occurs sporadically in addition to being associated with tuberous sclerosis. Preoperative embolization of large tumors is important to avoid excessive blood loss during surgery. We reported a patient with a 5505-g giant renal angiomyolipoma in a solitary kidney.

Caveolin-1 may participate in the pathogenesis of bladder pain syndrome/ interstitial cystitis.

Objectives: To determine whether caveolin-1 expression is associated with bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) and to better understand the pathogenesis of BPS/IC.

Methods: The study population was composed of 19 women with BPS/IC and 7 healthy women as controls. Midstream urine specimens were collected before cystoscopy and cold cup bladder biopsies were obtained from the trigone of the bladder.

[Correlation between activation of L5-S2 spinal cord astrocytes and effect of substance P in chronic prostatitis pain].

Objective: To observe the expressions of the substance P (SP) mRNA and neurokinin-1 receptor (NK-1R) in the posterior horn of the L5 - S2 spinal cord in the rat model of chronic prostatitis pain, and to investigate the changes in the activation of astrocytes and influence of SP on this activation in rat spinal cord astrocytes cultured in vitro.

Methods: The rat model of chronic prostatitis pain was established by injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) and assessed by the tail flick threshold test, the control rats injected with sodium chloride and all observed at 0, 14 and 28 days. Changes in the expressions of SP mRNA, NK-1R, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the posterior horn of the L5 - S2 spinal cord were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot.

Nanobacteria may be linked to testicular microlithiasis in infertility.

Testicular microlithiasis (TM) in infertility is an uncommon pathologic condition of unclear etiology that is characterized by calcium deposits within the seminiferous tubules. Nanobacteria (NB), as novel microorganisms mediating tissue calcification, have been discovered in some diseases. In this study, we hypothesized that NB may participate in the pathogenesis of TM, particularly in infertility.

Decreased nanobacteria levels and symptoms of nanobacteria-associated interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome after tetracycline treatment.

Introduction And Hypothesis: This study was designed to detect whether nanobacteria (NB) reside in urine and bladder tissue samples of patients with interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) and whether antibiotic therapy targeting these organisms is effective in reducing NB levels and IC/PBS symptoms.

Methods: Twenty-seven IC/PBS patients underwent cystoscopy. Bladder biopsies and urine samples were obtained and cultured for NB, which were identified by indirect immunofluorescent staining and transmission electron microscopy.

FASLG polymorphism is associated with cancer risk.

Many studies have reported the association between the FASLG -844T/C polymorphism and cancer risk, but the data are remaining controversial. A pooled analysis was performed to assess this relationship comprehensively. Medline, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science were searched, and data were extracted and cross-checked independently by three authors.

Intrathecal administration of resiniferatoxin produces analgesia against prostatodynia in rats.

Background: Prostatodynia remains a difficult clinical problem. Resiniferatoxin (RTX), an ultrapotent vanilloid, can produce a selective and long-lasting desensitization of nociception via C-fiber sensory neurons. Substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) released from C-fibers are key neurotransmitters in visceral pain.

Loss of ryanodine receptor calcium-release channel expression associated with overactive urinary bladder smooth muscle contractions in a detrusor instability model.

Objective: To investigate the changes in spontaneous bladder smooth muscle contractions that occur during detrusor instability (DI), and to test the possibility that altered function or expression of ryanodine receptors (RyRs) could account for the increased bladder contractions.

Materials And Methods: After 8 weeks of partial bladder outlet obstruction, DI was confirmed in female experimental rats by filling cystometry. Muscle strips were dissected from freshly isolated bladders, and isometric tension recorded in strips from DI and normal bladders.

[Characteristics on diagnosis and treatment of renal tuberculosis].

Objective: To study the new characteristics on diagnosis and treatment of renal tuberculosis (RT).

Methods: Eighty-seven patients with renal tuberculosis were retrospectively reviewed; their diagnosis was established by standard microbiological and histological techniques.

Results: Atypical RT was diagnosed by various examinations, including urinary analysis, polymerase chain reaction of tuberculosis (PCR-TB), ultrasonography, intravenous urography (i.

[Ultrastructural observation of detrusor in BPH patients].

Objectives: To observe the detrusor ultrastructure in BPH patients and to investigate the relationship between detrusor instability and ultrastructure.

Methods: The patients were divided into groups of detrusor instability(DI) and detrusor stability(DS) according to urodynamics examination. The structure of the detrusor were observed by light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy(TEM).