A Case of Spontaneous Regression of Adult Multi-system Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Presenting as Liver Tumor Rupture.

Adult multisystem Langerhans cell histiocytosis (MS-LCH) is rare and has a poor prognosis. A 67-year-old man with MS-LCH presented with a hepatic tumor rupture and multiple masses in the lungs, liver, and pancreas. Despite the initial aggressive disease course and involvement of organs at risk, the patient experienced spontaneous regression and lesion disappearance following smoking cessation without chemotherapy.

Intraventricular pituicytoma: illustrative case.

Background: Pituicytoma is a rare glial neoplasm from pituicytes of the neurohypophysis or infundibulum. It occurs in the sella and suprasellar area, and it is extremely uncommon to observe intraventricular pituicytoma without affecting the infundibulum or infundibular recess.

Observations: A 69-year-old man had suffered progressive dementia for 6 months.

GFAP-Negative Subcutaneous Sacrococcygeal Extraspinal Ependymoma.

Ependymomas are slowly growing glial tumors derived from the ependymal cells and usually occur in the central nervous system (CNS). Ependymomas rarely occur outside of the CNS and they are called extraspinal ependymomas. In spite of their metastatic potential, extraspinal ependymomas can be misdiagnosed for other benign mass like pilonidal cysts.

Burkitt leukemia with precursor B-cell features that developed after ruxolitinib treatment in a patient with hydroxyurea-refractory JAK2-myeloproliferative neoplasm.

A 62-year-old woman, who had a 16-year history of JAK2-mutated myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN), developed Burkitt leukemia (BL) 16 months after treatment with ruxolitinib to control hydroxyurea-refractory conditions. BL cells were CD10, CD19, CD20, CD34, cytoplasmic CD79a, and TdT, and lacked surface immunoglobulins but expressed the cytoplasmic μ heavy chain. In the bone marrow, nuclear MYC BL cells displaced the MPN tissues.

Resolution of bone, cutaneous, and muscular involvement after haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation followed by post-transplant cyclophosphamide in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Haploidentical hematopoietic stem cell transplantation followed by post-transplant cyclophosphamide provides a well-tolerated and potentially curable treatment for chemorefractory acute-type adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma carrying t(9;14)(p13;q32)/PAX5-immunoglobulin heavy chain gene is characterized by nuclear positivity of MUM1 and PAX5 by immunohistochemistry.

We described four patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) carrying t(9;14)(p13;q32) that places the PAX5 adjacent to the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IGH) gene. Ages ranged between 63 and 80, and three were female. One developed a nodal disease, and the other three involved extranodal organs.

A case report of pulmonary Botrytis sp. infection in an apparently healthy individual.

Background: Botrytis species are well known fungal pathogens of various plants but have not been reported as human pathogens, except as allergenic precipitants of asthma and hypersensitivity pneumonitis.

Case Presentation: The asymptomatic patient was referred because of a nodule revealed by chest X-ray. Computed tomography (CT) showed a cavitary nodule in the right upper lobe of the lung.

The novel double-hit, t(8;22)(q24;q11)/MYC-IGL and t(14;15)(q32;q24)/IGH-BCL2A1, in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.

An 82-year-old woman presented with generalized lymphadenopathy and skin involvement. Lymph node biopsy revealed diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with a high proliferation index. G-banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization showed a hypertetraploid karyotype with two copies of t(8;22)(q24;q11), generating the fusion of MYC and the immunoglobulin λ chain gene (IGL), and two copies of the novel immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IGH) translocation, t(14;15)(q32;q24).

Evaluation of predictors of unfavorable pathological features in men eligible for active surveillance using radical prostatectomy specimens: a multi-institutional study.

Objective: Active surveillance has emerged as an alternative to immediate treatment in men with favorable-risk prostate cancer; however, consensus about defining the appropriate candidates is still lacking. To examine the factors predicting unfavorable pathology among active surveillance candidates, we assessed low-risk radical prostatectomy specimens.

Methods: This retrospective study included 1753 men who had undergone radical prostatectomy at six independent institutions in Japan from 2005 to 2011.

A unique subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma primarily involving the bone marrow, spleen, and liver, defined by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography.

We describe 10 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) confined to the bone marrow (BM), spleen, and liver, as evidenced by the uniformly increased uptake of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) on positron emission tomography combined with computed tomography (PET/CT). Ages ranged from 56 to 87. All, but one patient presented with 'B' symptoms, a poor performance status, and hepatosplenomegaly.

Variant translocation partners of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in two cases of anaplastic large cell lymphoma, identified by inverse cDNA polymerase chain reaction.

In anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene is rearranged with diverse partners due to variant translocations/inversions. Case 1 was a 39-year-old man who developed multiple tumors in the mediastinum, psoas muscle, lung, and lymph nodes. A biopsy specimen of the inguinal node was effaced by large tumor cells expressing CD30, epithelial membrane antigen, and cytoplasmic ALK, which led to a diagnosis of ALK(+) ALCL.

inv(2)(p23q13)/RAN-binding protein 2 (RANBP2)-ALK fusion gene in myeloid leukemia that developed in an elderly woman.

A 75-year-old woman presented with marked leukocytosis; the white cell count was 143.6 × 10³/μL with 38.6 % monocytes and 13.

Molecular profile of apomucin and p53 protein as predictors of malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas.

Background/aims: Invasive intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas show poor prognosis similar to ductal adenocarcinomas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the molecular indicators of invasion and risk factors of recurrence of IPMNs.

Methodology: For 46 curative resections of IPMNs, we analyzed the expression of apomucin antigens (MUC1, MUC2 and MUC5AC), p53 and Ki67 using resected specimens.

Cardiac tamponade during transesophageal echocardiography in a patient with infective endocarditis.

An 81-year-old man with a history of diabetes mellitus and end-stage renal disease was admitted because of infective endocarditis. During transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), pericardial effusion rapidly increased and led to cardiac tamponade. Despite intensive therapy, the patient did not recover.

Preoperative evaluation of malignancy in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas, especially in relation to dysplastic epithelial changes.

Background/aims: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms have a better prognosis than ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas. The aim of this study was to evaluate the malignant potential of IPMNs by their preoperative images.

Methodology: Forty-three intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms were divided into 3 duct ectatic types using preoperative images (the main duct type, the branch duct type, and the mixed type), and into 2 groups using resected specimens (the malignant group including severe dysplasia based on the WHO classification and the benign group).

Gastric foveolar metaplasia with dysplastic changes in Brunner gland hyperplasia: possible precursor lesions for Brunner gland adenocarcinoma.

Cases of adenocarcinomas developed in Brunner gland hyperplasia (BGH) have been sporadically reported. Herein, we report the morphologic spectrum of hyperplastic changes culminating into dysplasia and carcinoma in 722 cases of BGH listed in our files. Fifteen of these cases showed dysplastic changes, with 8 graded as low-grade dysplasia, 5 as high-grade dysplasia, 11 as atypical hyperplasia, and 2 as invasive carcinoma, although each frequently coexisted in the same tumor.