ApoC-III proteoforms are associated with better lipid, inflammatory, and glucose profiles independent of total apoC-III.

Background: Apolipoprotein (apo) C-III is involved in several processes that increase triglyceride levels, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Four of its proteoforms have been the focus of several studies and have shown differential associations with cardiovascular risk biomarkers, mostly lipids. However, there are other proteoforms of apoC-III that have not yet been investigated in detail.

Protective Effect of High Adherence to Mediterranean Diet on the Risk of Incident Type-2 Diabetes in Subjects with MAFLD: The Di@bet.es Study.

: Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) increases the risk of Type-2 Diabetes (T2DM). The Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown advantages in the management of MAFLD and preventing co-morbidities; however, its relationship with T2DM development in MAFLD has been less investigated. We aimed to evaluate the association of MD adherence with the risk of incident T2DM in the Spanish adult population with MAFLD and according to their weight gain at 7.

H-NMR metabolomics identifies three distinct metabolic profiles differentially associated with cardiometabolic risk in patients with obesity in the Di@bet.es cohort.

Background: Obesity is a complex, diverse and multifactorial disease that has become a major public health concern in the last decades. The current classification systems relies on anthropometric measurements, such as BMI, that are unable to capture the physiopathological diversity of this disease. The aim of this study was to redefine the classification of obesity based on the different H-NMR metabolomics profiles found in individuals with obesity to better assess the risk of future development of cardiometabolic disease.

Cross-sectional association between severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus: A nation-wide cohort study.

Aim: To evaluate the cross-sectional association between severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus (DM), in a representative sample of Spanish population.

Materials And Methods: The di@bet.es epidemiological study is a population-based cohort study aimed to determine the prevalence and incidence of DM in the adult population of Spain.

MiR-221-3p/222-3p Cluster Expression in Human Adipose Tissue Is Related to Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes.

The progression of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) is intricately linked with adipose tissue (AT) angiogenesis. Despite an established network of microRNAs (miRNAs) regulating AT function, the specific role of angiogenic miRNAs remains less understood. The miR-221/222 cluster has recently emerged as being associated with antiangiogenic activity.

Survey of Spanish hospitals on diabetes care resources.

Introduction: The quality of diabetes care varies from region to region. The objective of this study is to analyze the characteristics of care in different hospitals in Spain through a specific survey assessing different aspects of care for both children and adults.

Materials And Methods: Cross-sectional observational voluntary survey study, sent to the heads of the Endocrinology and Pediatric Endocrinology Departments or Units in public hospitals with more than 150 beds, during the first semester of 2021.

Association between exposure to air pollution and blood lipids in the general population of Spain.

Background And Aims: We aimed to assess the associations of exposure to air pollutants and standard and advanced lipoprotein measures, in a nationwide sample representative of the adult population of Spain.

Methods: We included 4647 adults (>18 years), participants in the national, cross-sectional, population-based di@bet.es study, conducted in 2008-2010.

Rich oleocanthal and oleacein extra virgin olive oil and inflammatory and antioxidant status in people with obesity and prediabetes. The APRIL study: A randomised, controlled crossover study.

Background: Oleocanthal and oleacein are olive oil phenolic compounds with well known anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. The main evidence, however, is provided by experimental studies. Few human studies have examined the health benefits of olive oils rich in these biophenols.

NMR-based metabolomic profiling identifies inflammation and muscle-related metabolites as predictors of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus beyond glucose: The Di@bet.es study.

Aims: The aim of this study was to combine nuclear magnetic resonance-based metabolomics and machine learning to find a glucose-independent molecular signature associated with future type 2 diabetes mellitus development in a subgroup of individuals from the Di@bet.es study.

Methods: The study group included 145 individuals developing type 2 diabetes mellitus during the 8-year follow-up, 145 individuals matched by age, sex and BMI who did not develop diabetes during the follow-up but had equal glucose concentrations to those who did and 145 controls matched by age and sex.

Efficacy and safety of basal insulin degludec 100 IU/mL versus glargine 300 IU/mL for type 1 diabetes: The single-center INEOX randomized controlled trial.

Aims: To compare efficacy and safety of degludec 100 IU/mL (Deg-100) and glargine 300 IU/mL (Gla-300) in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Open-label, single-center, randomized, parallel-group, 24-week trial in adults with type 1 diabetes, on basal-bolus insulin therapy, HbA1c ≤ 10%, using self-monitoring blood glucose. Participants were randomized 1:1 to a basal-bolus insulin regimen with Deg-100 (N = 129) or Gla-300 (N = 131).

Serum vascular endothelial growth factor b and metabolic syndrome incidence in the population based cohort Di@bet.es study.

Background/objectives: Although vascular endothelial growth factor b (VEGFb) might have an impact on the development of obesity, diabetes and related disorders, the possible relationship between VEGFb serum levels and the incidence of these metabolic complications in humans is still unknown. The aim of our study was to evaluate the association between VEGFb serum levels and the new-onset of metabolic syndrome (MS) and its components in the Spanish adult population after 7.5 years of follow-up.

Ambient air pollution and thyroid function in Spanish adults. A nationwide population-based study (Di@bet.es study).

Background: Recent reports have suggested that air pollution may impact thyroid function, although the evidence is still scarce and inconclusive. In this study we evaluated the association of exposure to air pollutants to thyroid function parameters in a nationwide sample representative of the adult population of Spain.

Methods: The Di@bet.

Diabetes Does Not Increase the Risk of Hospitalization Due to COVID-19 in Patients Aged 50 Years or Older in Primary Care-APHOSDIAB-COVID-19 Multicenter Study.

The purpose of this study was to identify clinical, analytical, and sociodemographic variables associated with the need for hospital admission in people over 50 years infected with SARS-CoV-2 and to assess whether diabetes mellitus conditions the risk of hospitalization. A multicenter case-control study analyzing electronic medical records in patients with COVID-19 from 1 March 2020 to 30 April 2021 was conducted. We included 790 patients: 295 cases admitted to the hospital and 495 controls.

Low Percentage of Vegetable Fat in Red Blood Cells Is Associated with Worse Glucose Metabolism and Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes.

The identification of nutritional patterns associated with the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) might help lead the way to a more efficient and personalized nutritional intervention. Our study is aimed at evaluating the association between fatty acids (FA) in red blood cell (RBC) membranes, as a quantitative biomarker of regular dietary fat intake, and incident type 2 diabetes in a Spanish population. We included 1032 adult Spaniards (57% women, age 49 ± 15 years, 18% prediabetes), without diabetes at study entry, from the Di@bet.

Thyroid hormone resistance index and mortality in euthyroid subjects: Di@bet.es study.

Objective: It has been proposed that a mild form of acquired resistance to thyroid hormone may occur in the general population. Its clinical significance remains largely unknown. The objective of the study was to explore whether a newly described thyroid hormone resistance index is associated with the risk of mortality in a sample of community-dwelling euthyroid subjects representative of the adult population of Spain.

Epigenetic Biomarkers of Transition from Metabolically Healthy Obesity to Metabolically Unhealthy Obesity Phenotype: A Prospective Study.

Background: Identifying those parameters that could potentially predict the deterioration of metabolically healthy phenotype is a matter of debate. In this field, epigenetics, in particular DNA methylation deserves special attention.

Results: The aim of the present study was to analyze the long-term evolution of methylation patterns in a subset of metabolically healthy subjects in order to search for epigenetic markers that could predict the progression to an unhealthy state.

Association between long term exposure to particulate matter and incident hypertension in Spain.

Exposure to air particulate matter has been linked with hypertension and blood pressure levels. The metabolic risks of air pollution could vary according to the specific characteristics of each area, and has not been sufficiently evaluated in Spain. We analyzed 1103 individuals, participants in a Spanish nationwide population based cohort study (di@bet.

The metabesity factor HMG20A potentiates astrocyte survival and reactive astrogliosis preserving neuronal integrity.

We recently demonstrated that the 'Metabesity' factor HMG20A regulates islet beta-cell functional maturity and adaptation to physiological stress such as pregnancy and pre-diabetes. HMG20A also dictates central nervous system (CNS) development via inhibition of the LSD1-CoREST complex but its expression pattern and function in adult brain remains unknown. Herein we sought to determine whether HMG20A is expressed in the adult CNS, specifically in hypothalamic astrocytes that are key in glucose homeostasis and whether similar to islets, HMG20A potentiates astrocyte function in response to environmental cues.

Dietary Macronutrient Composition in Relation to Circulating HDL and Non-HDL Cholesterol: A Federated Individual-Level Analysis of Cross-Sectional Data from Adolescents and Adults in 8 European Studies.

Background: Associations between increased dietary fat and decreased carbohydrate intake with circulating HDL and non-HDL cholesterol have not been conclusively determined.

Objective: We assessed these relations in 8 European observational human studies participating in the European Nutritional Phenotype Assessment and Data Sharing Initiative (ENPADASI) using harmonized data.

Methods: Dietary macronutrient intake was recorded using study-specific dietary assessment tools.

Cardiovascular diseases in people with diabetes mellitus in Spain according to the Primary Care Clinical Database (BDCAP) in 2017.

Introduction And Objectives: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and heart failure are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes. The objective of this work is to know the prevalence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases and heart failure in people diagnosed with diabetes in Spain during 2017 and compare them with those not diagnosed with diabetes according to age and sex.

Methods: Data for diagnoses of diabetes mellitus (DM), acute myocardial infarction (AMI), stroke, peripheral artery disease (PAD) or heart failure (HF) for 2017 were obtained from the National Health System's Primary Care Clinical Database (BDCAP).

Association between mental health comorbidity and health outcomes in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is often accompanied by chronic diseases, including mental health problems. We aimed at studying mental health comorbidity prevalence in T2D patients and its association with T2D outcomes through a retrospective, observational study of individuals of the EpiChron Cohort (Aragón, Spain) with prevalent T2D in 2011 (n = 63,365). Participants were categorized as having or not mental health comorbidity (i.