ADHD and Academic Performance in College Students: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: The present study performed a systematic review of the scientific literature that deals with the academic performance of university students with ADHD, collecting the research conducted between 2018 and 2024. Likewise, we aimed to know the factors that influence on academic performance and evaluate the tools used in the collection of ADHD symptoms and educational data.

Methods: The electronic databases PubMed, PsycInfo, and Scopus were used to search studies using PRISMA guidelines.

Clinical symptoms and social functioning in schizophrenia.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between social functioning and clinical symptoms in people with schizophrenia, analyzing the influence of both global social functioning and the specific aspects of social functioning, assertiveness and communication skills in the explanation of type of symptoms.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study composed of 125 people diagnosed with schizophrenia was performed. Patients were assessed with the Communication Skills Questionnaire (CSQ), the Gambrill and Richey Assertiveness Inventory (GR), the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) and the Global Assessment of Social Functioning Scale (SOFAS), Social Functioning Scale (SFS), Life Skills Profile (LSP) scale and the Clinical Global Impression scale for Schizophrenia (CGI-S).

Usability of a Psychotherapeutic Interactive Gaming Tool Used in Facial Emotion Recognition for People with Schizophrenia.

The objective of the study was to test the usability of 'Feeling Master' as a psychotherapeutic interactive gaming tool with LEGO cartoon faces showing the five basic emotions, for the assessment of emotional recognition in people with schizophrenia in comparison with healthy controls, and the relationship between face affect recognition (FER), attributional style, and theory of mind (ToM), which is the ability to understand the potential mental states and intentions of others. Nineteen individuals with schizophrenia (SZ) and 17 healthy control (HC) subjects completed the 'Feeling Master' that includes five basic emotions. To assess social cognition, the group with schizophrenia was evaluated with the Personal and Situational Attribution Questionnaire (IPSAQ) for the assessment of attributional style and the Hinting Task (ToM).

Premorbid functioning in schizophrenia spectrum disorders with comorbid substance use: A systematic review.

Premorbid functioning has been related with several clinical features and prognosis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Comorbidity with substance use is highly prevalent and usually hinders clinical improvement in this kind of psychiatric disorders. This systematic review analyzes the differences in the premorbid functioning of subjects with a schizophrenia spectrum disorder with substance use (SSD+, dual psychosis) or without it (SSD-).

Clinical symptoms and social functioning in schizophrenia.

Introduction: The aim of the present study was to assess the relationship between social functioning and clinical symptoms in people with schizophrenia, analyzing the influence of both global social functioning and the specific aspects of social functioning, assertiveness and communication skills in the explanation of type of symptoms.

Material And Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study composed of 125 people diagnosed with schizophrenia was performed. Patients were assessed with the Communication Skills Questionnaire (CSQ), the Gambrill and Richey Assertiveness Inventory (GR), the Global Assessment of Functioning Scale (GAF) and the Global Assessment of Social Functioning Scale (SOFAS), Social Functioning Scale (SFS), Life Skills Profile (LSP) scale and the Clinical Global Impression scale for Schizophrenia (CGI-S).

Temperament and Character Profile and Its Clinical Correlates in Male Patients with Dual Schizophrenia.

Personality traits are relevant in understanding substance use disorders (SUD) and schizophrenia (SZ), but few works have also included patients with dual schizophrenia (SZ+) and personality traits. We explored personality profile in a sample of 165 male patients under treatment, using the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. The participants were assigned to three groups of 55 patients each, according to previous diagnosis: SUD, SZ- and SZ+ (without/with SUD).

Gender differences in health-related quality of life in people with severe mental illness.

Introduction And Purpose: The purpose was to analyze socioeconomic and clinical factors of psychosocial functioning and self-perception in relation to health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in people with severe mental health illness (SMI) by gender.

Materials And Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 133 women and 90 men. Recorded variables: HRQOL, SF-36 Physical Component Scores (PCS) and Mental Component Scores (MCS); sociodemographic and clinical data on psychosocial and self-perception functioning.

Coping Strategies in Male Patients under Treatment for Substance Use Disorders and/or Severe Mental Illness: Influence in Clinical Course at One-Year Follow-Up.

Coping strategies have an impact on substance use disorders (SUD), relapses, and clinical variables, but knowledge on this area is scarce. We explored the coping strategies used during treatment in patients with dual diagnosis (DD), SUD, and severe mental illness (SMI), and the relation with clinical course and relapses at one-year follow-up. A sample of 223 patients was divided into three groups depending on diagnosis: DD ( = 80; SUD with comorbid schizophrenia or major depressive disorder), SUD only ( = 80), and SMI only ( = 63; schizophrenia or major depressive disorder).

Personality Profile and Clinical Correlates of Patients With Substance Use Disorder With and Without Comorbid Depression Under Treatment.

Among patients with substance use disorder (SUD), major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly prevalent. Even though, personality plays an important role in treatment outcomes for individuals with SUD and SUD + MDD, few studies have explored personality characteristics in these samples. This study aims to describe personality for patients with SUD taking into account the comorbid MDD, using the Alternative Five Factor Model (AFFM).

Gender differences in social functioning in people with schizophrenia in psychosocial rehabilitation services using one-dimensional and multidimensional instruments.

Women with schizophrenia have shown better social and clinical functioning than men in several previous studies. The aim of this study was to assess gender differences in social functioning of people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia who are in psychosocial rehabilitation treatment in Catalonia, using several different one-dimensional and multidimensional measures of clinical and social functioning. Gender differences were found only in several daily life activities, in which women showed better functioning: independence-competence (p = 0.

Women with compulsive buying or gambling disorder: Similar profiles for different behavioural addictions.

The aim of the present study was to examine the differences in sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of 104 women diagnosed with compulsive buying behaviour (CBB = 55) or gambling disorder (GD = 49) treated at three public hospitals unit specialized in behavioural addictions from January 2004 to December 2015. Significant between-group differences in sociodemographic variables were observed for cohabitation status (living with a partner or not) and educational level, with a higher percentage of women in the GD group cohabiting (х (), p = .029).

Transport of bacteriophage MS2 and PRD1 in saturated dune sand under suboxic conditions.

Soil passage of (pretreated) surface water to remove pathogenic microorganisms is a highly efficient process under oxic conditions, reducing microorganism concentrations about 8 log within tens of meters. However, under anoxic conditions, it has been shown that removal of microorganisms can be limited very much. Setback distances for adequate protection of natural groundwater may, therefore, be too short if anoxic conditions apply.

[Caregiver's health: adaption and validation in a Spanish population of the Experience of Caregiving Inventory (ECI)].

Objective: To adapt and to validate the Experience of Caregiving Inventory (ECI) in a Spanish population, providing empirical evidence of its internal consistency, internal structure and validity.

Method: Psychometric validation of the adapted version of the ECI. One hundred and seventy-two caregivers (69.

Neurobiological underpinnings and modulating factors in schizophrenia spectrum disorders with a comorbid substance use disorder: A systematic review.

Recently there is a growing interest in the interaction of schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) and substance use disorders (SUD), a condition named dual schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD+). While previous research has focused on clinical and cognitive aspects, little is known about the impact of comorbidity in the brain structure and functions. Evidence suggests that dual diagnosis patients, including SSD+, show a better neurocognitive functioning during the first years of illness, followed by a serious long-term decline.

Temperament and character dimensions in male patients with substance use disorders: Differences relating to psychiatric comorbidity.

Previous research has not considered the influence of the Comorbid Mental Disorder (CMD) among Substance Use Disorders (SUD) patients. We explored the possible differences in personality dimensions among SUD patients taking into account their CMD (Schizophrenia, SZ; Bipolar Disorder, BD; Major Depressive Disorder, MDD); and elucidated clinical factors related to personality dimensions according to the CMD. The Temperament and Character Inventory Revised was used to assess a sample of 102 SUD male patients, considered in three groups according to their CMD: SUD+SZ (N=37), SUD+BD (N=30) and SUD+MDD (N=35).

Validation of the Communication Skills Questionnaire (CSQ) in people with schizophrenia.

This present study describes the validation of the Communication Skills Questionnaire (CSQ) in people with schizophrenia. A total of 125 clinically stable people in rehabilitation treatment who were diagnosed with schizophrenia were included. For convergent and discriminant validity the following tests were administered; the Gambrill and Richie (GR) Assertiveness Inventory, the Social Functioning Scale (SFS), Life Skills Profile (LSP), Clinical Global Impression scale for schizophrenia (CGI-S) and the Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) scale.

Male and female pathological gamblers: bet in a different way and show different mental disorders.

Although in the last years several studies comparing male and female pathological gamblers have been published, most of them have been carried out using only samples of males. The aim of this study was to investigate gender differences in a sample of subjects diagnosed with pathological gambling (PG) attending three specialized outpatient units. Retrospective study was carried out of 96 patients (49% female and 51% male), comparing the main socio-demographic, clinical, and behavioral data.

Lack of association between the LPR and VNTR polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene and cocaine dependence in a Spanish sample.

We genotyped the LPR and VNTR polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter gene in 504 cocaine-dependent patients and 508 controls. No association was detected with either polymorphism or with any haplotype combination. This study provided no evidence that these polymorphisms confer susceptibility to cocaine dependence in our sample.

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in cocaine-dependent adults: a psychiatric comorbidity analysis.

Background And Objectives: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is highly prevalent among drug abusers. We studied the psychiatric comorbidity and characteristics of cocaine use in relation to the presence of ADHD among patients with cocaine dependence.

Methods: A total of 200 cocaine-dependent patients attending an Outpatient Drug Clinic participated in the study.

Relationships among circadian typology, psychological symptoms, and sensation seeking.

Recently, attention has been focused on the relationship among circadian typology, psychiatric symptoms, and personality traits. This study analyzes the influence of circadian typology on psychological distress, and the sensation-seeking personality trait. Five hundred seventeen college students (173 males), aged 17 to 30, answered the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM), the General Health Questionnaire 28-item version (GHQ-28), and the Sensation Seeking Scale-V (SSS-V).

Executive functioning in individuals with schizophrenia and/or cocaine dependence.

Objective: Although little is known about neurocognition in Dual Diagnosis, it has been suggested that Schizophrenia (SZ) patients with comorbid substance use belong to a subgroup with lower genetic vulnerability to develop SZ and, consequently, they show better executive and social premorbid functioning. The first aim of this study was to assess the executive functioning, and the second one was to explore the effect of age of onset of substance use in neurocognition in SZ patients with cocaine dependence.

Methods: The total sample consisted of 95 male patients, aged 20 to 60 years, divided in three groups: one group with SZ and cocaine dependence (SZ+; n = 30), another group with SZ without cocaine dependence (SZ-; n = 30), and a control group with cocaine dependence without psychiatric comorbidity (COC; n = 35).

Health-related quality of life in patients with dual diagnosis: clinical correlates.

Background: Although the studies published so far have found an affectation in the Health Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) in both psychiatric and substance use dependence disorders, very few studies have applied HRQOL as an assessment measure in patients suffering both comorbid conditions, or Dual Diagnosis. The aim of the current study was to assess HRQOL in a group of patients with Dual Diagnosis compared to two other non-comorbid groups and to determine what clinical factors are related to HRQOL.

Methods: Cross-sectional assessment of three experimental groups was made through the Short Form - 36 Item Health Survey (SF-36).

Influence of circadian typology on drug consumption, hazardous alcohol use, and hangover symptoms.

Few studies have focused on the influence of circadian typology on drug use, and none has considered the use of illegal drugs and hazardous alcohol consumption. This study analyzes the influence of circadian typology on several types of drug consumption (habitual or sporadic), hangover symptoms (past 12 mos), and, more specifically, hazardous alcohol consumption of young adults. Five hundred seventeen university students (173 males), between 17 and 30 yrs of age, answered the Composite Scale of Morningness (CSM), the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and a self-referred questionnaire on drug consumption during the previous month and on the prevalence of different hangover symptoms during the previous year.

Neuropsychological aspects of dual diagnosis.

Dual diagnosis (DD) has been described as the coexistence of a severe mental health condition and a drug abuse and/or dependence disorder. In the last decades, there has been a growing interest in the prevalence and characteristics of dual diagnosis, since it has been argued that DD patients show more clinical treatment difficulties and higher morbidity. Few works have studied the neuropsychological aspects of patients with DD, although neuropsychological deficits have been widely described both in patients showing a severe mental health condition and in those with a drug abuse and/or dependence disorder.