[Degree of compliance with health care quality criteria in the treatment of lower airway obstruction in Spanish pediatric emergency departments, reasons for noncompliance, and recommendations for improvement].

Objectives: To determine the degree of compliance with health care quality criteria in the treatment of patients with lower airway obstruction in Spanish pediatric emergency departments (PEDs), to explore the reasons for noncompliance, and to make recommendations for improvement.

Material And Methods: We carried out a retrospective, cross-sectional study of a series of patients under the age of 14 years to determine the degree of compliance with 5 quality indicators. The patients were attended in 22 PEDs on days 1 and 15 of each month in 2013.

[Empathy, inter-professional collaboration, and lifelong medical learning in Spanish and Latin-American physicians-in-training who start their postgraduate training in hospitals in Spain. Preliminary outcomes].

Objective: To identify similarities and differences in empathy, abilities toward inter-professional collaboration, and lifelong medical learning, between Spanish and Latin-American physicians-in-training who start their posgraduate training in teaching hospitals in Spain.

Design: Observational study using self-administered questionnaires.

Settings: Five teaching hospitals in the province of Barcelona, Spain.

Pediatricians' attitudes and costs of bronchiolitis in the emergency department: a prospective multicentre study.

Background: How pediatricians manage bronchiolitis and the derived total costs (direct and indirect) in the emergency department (ED) have not been fully characterized. The aim of the present study is to calculate those costs in a European country.

Methods: A prospective and observational study, including 10 EDs of tertiary hospitals throughout Spain and during the bronchiolitis season 2010-2011, was performed.

[Should a more interventionist approach be taken in A and E departments with atypical febrile seizures? Three years' experience in a tertiary hospital].

Introduction: Atypical febrile seizures (AFS) have been related with a higher incidence of severe pathologies of the central nervous system (CNS). Recent studies show a reduction in the prevalence of some of these diseases, a fact that could affect their management. AIMS.

Pro-adrenomedullin usefulness in the management of children with community-acquired pneumonia, a preliminar prospective observational study.

Background: In adult population with community acquired pneumonia high levels of pro-adrenomedullin (pro-ADM) have been shown to be predictors of worse prognosis. The role of this biomarker in pediatric patients had not been analyzed to date. The objective of this study is to know the levels of pro-ADM in children with community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and analyze the relation between these levels and the patients' prognosis.

Impact of human immunodeficiency virus coinfection on the progression of mother-to-child transmitted hepatitis C virus infection.

Data on mother-to-child transmitted human immunodeficiency virus/hepatitis C virus (HIV/HCV) coinfection are scarce. A prospective observational study with a cohort of 70 HCV-infected children (13 of whom were HIV/HCV-coinfected; mean follow-up: 7.3 years) is presented.

Severe head injury among children: computed tomography evaluation as a prognostic factor.

Background: The value of neuroimaging in predicting unfavorable events in the outcome of pediatric patients has not been established. Our objectives were to determine clinical characteristics and outcome of severely head-injured children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a pediatric third-level university hospital and to evaluate the use of neuroimaging as a prognostic factor of morbimortality in these patients.

Methods: We performed a 9-year retrospective review.

Intracranial pressure and cerebral perfusion pressure as risk factors in children with traumatic brain injuries.

Object: The authors evaluated the initial intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) as prognostic factors in severe head injury in children and tried to determine the optimal CPP range.

Methods: The authors performed a 9-year retrospective review of all patients with severe traumatic brain injuries (TBIs) who required invasive ICP monitoring and were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit at their institution between January 1995 and December 2003. These patients had Glasgow Coma Scale scores lower than 8 and/or required ICP monitoring due to worsening neurological status or neuroimaging results suggestive of cerebral hypertension.