Interferon Gamma Response in Human Saliva Following Exposure to the Oral Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius BLIS K12.

Streptococcus salivarius BLIS K12 is a probiotic strain developed for application to the oral cavity. The strain was originally characterised for its in vitro antibacterial activity against the prominent oral pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes. More recent research has expanded its applications to include reducing halitosis, preventing otitis media and protecting against virus infections of the respiratory tract.

An autologous colonic organoid-derived monolayer model to study immune: bacterial interactions in Crohn's disease patients.

Objectives: Crohn's disease (CD) initiation and pathogenesis are believed to involve an environmental trigger in a genetically susceptible person that results in an immune response against commensal gut bacteria, leading to a compromised intestinal epithelial barrier and a cycle of inflammation. However, it has been difficult to study the contribution of all factors together in a physiologically relevant model and in a heterogenous patient population.

Methods: We developed an autologous colonic monolayer model that incorporated the immune response from the same donor and a commensal bacteria, .