Timely Initiation of Breastfeeding and Its Associated Factors at the Public Health Facilities of Dire Dawa City, Eastern Ethiopia, 2021.

Introduction: Timely initiation of breastfeeding is defined as putting the newborn baby to the breast within one hour of birth. Despite the World Health Organization and national recommendations on timely initiation of breastfeeding, delayed initiation of breastfeeding is still a common problem.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the timely initiation of breastfeeding and its associated factors at the public health facilities of Dire Dawa city, Eastern Ethiopia, 2021.

based diet consumption decrease burden of under nutrition in under-five children, Southern Ethiopia?

Background: is used for medicinal and nutritional purposes. This study was, therefore, conducted to assess the contribution of based diet in reducing under nutrition in under-five children in four districts of Southern Ethiopia.

Method: A community-based comparative cross-sectional study design was employed from August to September 2016 in randomly selected comparative sites among 732 under five children.

Evaluation of antibacterial and acute oral toxicity of Impatiens tinctoria A. Rich root extracts.

The high prevalence of morbidity and mortality from bacterial infections, together with the growing threat of antibacterial resistance, necessitated the development of alternative new drugs from traditional medicine. In Ethiopia, Impatiens tinctoria A. Rich has been traditionally used for the treatment of fungal infections such as ringworms that cause tinea pedis and it have also different medical values.

Evaluation of Antihyperglycemic Effect of Extract of (Baker f.) Aqueous Leaves on Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Background: Diabetes is a serious metabolic disorder with complications that result in significant morbidity and mortality. Current drugs used for diabetes therapy are not free from side effects and do not restore normal glucose homeostasis. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to evaluate the antidiabetic effect of (Baker f.

Development, Characterization, and Evaluation of Novel Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial Topical Formulations from (Roxb.) W. Watson Essential Oil.

Background: Skin infections were the most frequently encountered of all infections and the 4th leading cause of nonfatal disease burden. Topical drugs have been used for the management of skin infections. The growing concern of drug resistance to the topical agents has warned the need for continuous development of novel drug.

Investigating Potential Modes of Actions of Fruit Extract and Solvent Fractions for Their Antidiarrheal Activities in Mice.

Background: Fruits of A. DC. (Sapotaceae) are traditionally used for the treatment of diarrhea.

Effect of essential oils on Aspergillus spore germination, growth and mycotoxin production: a potential source of botanical food preservative.

Objective: To investigate effect of essential oils on Aspergillus spore germination, growth and mycotoxin production.

Method: In vitro antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activity of essential oils was carried out using poisoned food techniques, spore germination assay, agar dilution assay, and aflatoxin arresting assay on toxigenic strains of Aspergillus species.

Results: Cymbopogon martinii, Foeniculum vulgare and Trachyspermum ammi (T.

Effect of Cymbopogon martinii, Foeniculum vulgare, and Trachyspermum ammi Essential Oils on the Growth and Mycotoxins Production by Aspergillus Species.

This study was performed to investigate effect of essential oils on Aspergillus spore germination, growth, and mycotoxin production. In vitro antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic activities of Cymbopogon martinii, Foeniculum vulgare, and Trachyspermum ammi essential oils were carried out on toxigenic strains of Aspergillus species. Plant materials were hydrodistilled for 4-5 h in Clevenger apparatus.

Investigation into the cercariacidal and miracidiacidal properties of Endod (Phytolacca dodecandra) berries (type 44).

Aqueous extract of ground Endod (Phytolacca dodecandra) berries (Type 44) was investigated for its cercariacidal and miracidiacidal properties. Aqueous extract of the berries prevented snails from being infected by miracidia at a concentration of 4 ppm. Assessment of cercariacidal activity of Endod berries indicated that mortality of cercariae exposed to aqueous extract of Endod berries increased with increase in concentration of the test material and exposure time.

Transmission of intestinal schistosomiasis in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Malacological and parasitological surveys were made in Bole-Kotobe area in Addis Ababa in April 1996 to investigate the transmission of intestinal schistosomiasis. Malacological survey conducted in Kotobe river showed Schistosoma mansoni cercarial infection rate of 2.6% (one out of 38) in Biomphalaria pfeifferi.

Schistosoma haematobium infection among Ethiopian prisoners of war (1977-1988) returning from Somalia.

Fifty Ethiopian male prisoners of war aged 20-34 years returning from Somalia were examined at the Schistosomiasis Diagnostic Laboratory of the Institute of Pathobiology, Addis Abeba University, Addis Abeba in 1988. Medical history was obtained and their urine was examined by the filtration technique. Recovered eggs of S.

Kala-azar in Ethiopia: survey of south-west Ethiopia. The Leishmanin skin test and epidemiological studies.

The Leishmanin skin test was performed on 1353 people in a kala-azar endemic region of south-west Ethiopia. Physical examinations were also carried out on 2723. Two of these individuals, both males, had active visceral leishmaniasis with Leishmania organisms demonstrated by spleen puncture.

A tuberculin skin test survey in Southwestern Ethiopia.

A study to determine the prevalence of positive skin test reactions in an isolated region of southwestern Ethiopia where no previous surveys have been reported is described. Marked differences in the prevalence of positive skin tests between the population groups studied was found. The Dassanetch who live in large villages and have a high population density relative to other groups tested had the highest number of positives (53.