Could the Adoptive Transfer of Memory Lymphocytes be an Alternative Treatment for Infections?

We evaluated the efficacy of the adoptive transfer of memory B, CD4+, and CD8+ T lymphocytes compared with sulbactam and tigecycline in an experimental murine pneumonia model by two multidrug-resistant strains, colistin-susceptible AbCS01 and colistin-resistant AbCR17. Pharmacodynamically optimized antimicrobial dosages were administered for 72 h, and intravenous administration of 2 × 10 of each of the memory cells in a single dose 30 min post-infection. Bacterial lung and blood counts and mortality rates were analyzed.

IgM-enriched immunoglobulin improves colistin efficacy in a pneumonia model by .

We evaluated the efficacy of ceftazidime or colistin in combination with polyclonal IgM-enriched immunoglobulin (IgM-IG), in an experimental pneumonia model (C57BL/6J male mice) using two multidrug-resistant strains, both ceftazidime-susceptible and one colistin-resistant. Pharmacodynamically optimised antimicrobials were administered for 72 h, and intravenous IgM-IG was given as a single dose. Bacterial tissues count and the mortality were analysed.

Efficacy of Fosfomycin and Its Combination With Aminoglycosides in an Experimental Sepsis Model by Carbapenemase-Producing Clinical Strains.

Carbapenemase-producing infections are an increasing global threat with scarce and uncertain treatment options. In this context, combination therapies are often used for these infections. The bactericidal and synergistic activity of fosfomycin plus amikacin and gentamicin was studied trough time-kill assays against four clonally unrelated clinical isolates of carbapenemase-producing , VIM-1, VIM-1 plus DHA-1, OXA-48 plus CTXM-15, and KPC-3, respectively.

In Vitro Activity of Pentamidine Alone and in Combination with Antibiotics against Multidrug-Resistant Clinical Strains.

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) is a public health problem causing both community and hospital-acquired infections, and thus the development of new therapies for these infections is critical. The objective of this study was to analyze in vitro the activity of pentamidine as adjuvant in combinations to antibiotics against seven clinical strains. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was determined following standard protocols, and the results were interpreted according to the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (EUCAST) breakpoints; however, the gentamicin activity was interpreted according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) recommendations.

Virulence role of the outer membrane protein CarO in carbapenem-resistant .

Novel approaches to treat carbapenem-resistant (CRAB) infections are urgently needed and anti-virulence drugs represent promising alternatives, but our knowledge on potential targets is scarce. We searched for potential virulence factors by whole-genome sequencing-based comparisons of CRAB clinical isolates causing bloodstream infections secondary to ventilator-associated pneumonia from demographics and clinically homogeneous patients, who received optimal treatment but with different clinical outcomes. Thus, the gene was interrupted in CRAB isolates from surviving patients, while it was intact in isolates from non-surviving patients, and proteomic/immunoblot techniques corroborated it.

Assessing the impact on intestinal microbiome and clinical outcomes of antibiotherapy optimisation strategies in haematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients: study protocol for the prospective multicentre OptimBioma study.

Introduction: Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a life-saving treatment for a number of haematological diseases. Graft versus host disease (GVHD) is its main complication and hampers survival. There is strong evidence that intestinal microbiota diversity of the recipient may increase the risk of GVHD worsening survival.

Role of PstS in the Pathogenesis of Acinetobacter baumannii Under Microaerobiosis and Normoxia.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a successful pathogen responsible for infections with high mortality rate. During the course of infection it can be found in microaerobic environments, which influences virulence factor expression. From a previous transcriptomic analysis of A.

Pangenome of uncovers two groups of genomes, one of them with genes involved in CRISPR/Cas defence systems associated with the absence of plasmids and exclusive genes for biofilm formation.

is an opportunistic bacterium that causes hospital-acquired infections with a high mortality and morbidity, since there are strains resistant to virtually any kind of antibiotic. The chase to find novel strategies to fight against this microbe can be favoured by knowledge of the complete catalogue of genes of the species, and their relationship with the specific characteristics of different isolates. In this work, we performed a genomics analysis of almost 2500 strains.

Prevalence and clinical impact of Streptococcus pneumoniae nasopharyngeal carriage in solid organ transplant recipients.

Background: S. pneumoniae is the leading cause of community-acquired pneumonia in the solid organ transplant recipient (SOTR); nevertheless, the prevalence of colonization and of the colonizing/infecting serotypes has not been studied in this population. In this context, the aim of the present study was to describe the rate, characteristics, and clinical impact of S.

Activity of Pentamidine Alone and in Combination With Aminoglycosides, Tigecycline, Rifampicin, and Doripenem Against Clinical Strains of Carbapenemase-Producing and/or Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae.

Enterobacteriaceae cause different types of community- and hospital-acquired infections. Moreover, the spread of multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae is a public health problem and the World Health Organization pointed them among the pathogens in which the search of new antibiotics is critical. The objective of this study was to analyze the activity of pentamidine alone and in combination with gentamicin, tobramycin, amikacin, tigecycline, rifampicin, or doripenem against eight clinical strains of carbapenemase-producing and/or colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae: five carbapenemase-producing , one carbapenemase-producing , and two colistin-resistant .

Efficacy of Colistin and Its Combination With Rifampin and in Experimental Models of Infection Caused by Carbapenemase-Producing Clinical Isolates of .

Despite the relevance of carbapenemase-producing (CP-Kp) infections there are a scarce number of studies to evaluate the efficacy of combinations therapies. The bactericidal activity of colistin, rifampin, and its combination was studied (time-kill curves) against four clonally unrelated clinical isolates of CP-Kp, producing VIM-1, VIM-1 plus DHA-1(acquired AmpC β-lactamase), OXA-48 plus CTX-M-15 (extended spectrum β-lactamase) and KPC-3, respectively, with colistin MICs of 0.5, 64, 0.

Efficacy of ceftaroline versus vancomycin in an experimental foreign-body and systemic infection model caused by biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis.

In this study, the efficacy of ceftaroline versus vancomycin against biofilm-producing methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) in a murine model of foreign-body and systemic infection was compared. Two bacteraemic biofilm-producing MRSE strains were used (SE284 and SE385). The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for strains SE284 and SE385, were, respectively, 0.

Impaired growth under iron-limiting conditions associated with the acquisition of colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii.

Acquisition of colistin resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii has been associated with reduced bacterial fitness and virulence, although the mechanisms underlying this fitness loss have not been well characterised. In this study, the role played by environmental iron levels on the growth and survival of colistin-resistant strains of A. baumannii was assessed.

Draft Genome Sequences of Seven Multidrug-Resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Strains, Isolated from Respiratory Samples in Spain.

The draft genome sequences of seven multidrug-resistantAcinetobacter baumanniiclinical strains belonging to sequence types ST-208 and ST-218 are reported in this study. They were isolated from tracheobronchial aspirate of mechanically ventilated adult patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a Spanish tertiary hospital during 2010 to 2011.