Sex-specific risk factors for new-onset heart failure: the PREVEND study at 25 years.

Background And Aims: Current estimates for the lifetime risk to develop heart failure with either a reduced (HFrEF) or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and their associated risk factors are derived from two studies from the USA. The sex-specific lifetime risk and population attributable fraction of potentially modifiable risk factors for incident HFpEF and HFrEF are described in a large European community-based cohort with 25 years of follow-up.

Methods: A total of 8558 participants from the PREVEND cohort were studied at baseline from 1997 onwards and followed until 2022 for cases of new-onset HFrEF (ejection fraction < 50%) and HFpEF (ejection fraction ≥ 50%) by assessment of hospital records.

Immediate or delayed oncoplastic surgery after breast conserving surgery at the Netherlands Cancer Institute: a cohort study of 251 cases.

Purpose: Oncoplastic surgery (OPS) after breast conserving surgery is preferably performed during the same operation. Offering delayed OPS instead of mastectomy to patients with a high risk of tumor-positive margins allows breast conservation with the option of margin re-excision during OPS, without having to dismantle the reconstruction. We aimed to evaluate surgical outcomes after immediate and delayed OPS.

Addition of FFRct in the diagnostic pathway of patients with stable chest pain to reduce unnecessary invasive coronary angiography (FUSION) : Rationale and design for the multicentre, randomised, controlled FUSION trial.

Background: Coronary computed tomography angiography (CCTA) is widely used in the diagnostic work-up of patients with stable chest pain. CCTA has an excellent negative predictive value, but a moderate positive predictive value for detecting coronary stenosis. Computed tomography-derived fractional flow reserve (FFRct) is a non-invasive, well-validated technique that provides functional assessment of coronary stenosis, improving the positive predictive value of CCTA.

Platypnea orthodeoxia syndrome after recent stroke: a case report of a sandwiched right atrium.

Background: Platypnea orthodeoxia syndrome (POS) is a condition characterized by onset or worsening of dyspnoea and desaturation in upright position that is relieved by returning to a supine position. This case report illustrates a sudden onset of severe platypnea caused by compression of the right atrium (RA) due to aortic dilatation and unilateral diaphragmatic paralysis after a recent stroke.

Case Summary: A 71-year-male patient with a medical history of recent stroke of the left hemisphere was referred to emergency department with acute dyspnoea.

Antisocial Behavior and Victimization Over 2-Year Follow-Up in Subgroups of Childhood Arrestees.

Not only are childhood onset offenders at high risk of becoming serious persistent offenders, they are also at high risk of becoming victimized themselves. Furthermore, studies in the general population suggest that a combined perpetrator-victim group can be distinguished from a perpetrator-only and a victim-only group on individual and family risk factors. The current study investigated the co-occurrence of offending and victimization among first-time arrestees and the 2-year predictive value of previously found clusters of dynamic risk factors of offending.

Effectiveness and safety of dabigatran versus acenocoumarol in 'real-world' patients with atrial fibrillation.

Aims: Randomized trials showed non-inferior or superior results of the non-vitamin-K-antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) compared with warfarin. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of dabigatran (direct thrombin inhibitor) vs. acenocoumarol (vitamin K antagonist) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) in daily clinical practice.

Basal infarct location but not larger infarct size is associated with a successful outcome after alcohol septal ablation in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: a cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging study.

Alcohol septal ablation (ASA) is successful in most but not in all patients with obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM). We therefore sought to investigate the relation between infarct location versus infarct size with outcome after ASA in patients with obstructive HCM. Baseline characteristics, procedural characteristics, and cardiovascular magnetic resonance findings at baseline and 4-6 month follow-up after ASA were analysed in 47 patients with obstructive HCM in a single-center retrospective study.

Identifying children at risk of problematic development: latent clusters among childhood arrestees.

The presence of clusters characterized by distinct profiles of individual, family and peer characteristics among childhood arrestees was investigated and cluster membership stability after 2 years was determined. Identification of such clusters in this heterogeneous at-risk group can extend insight into the presence and severity of children's co-occurring problems and guide intervention and prevention efforts. Latent class analysis (LCA) was used to detect clusters among 308 childhood arrestees (mean age 10.

Externalizing psychopathology and persistence of offending in childhood first-time arrestees.

This study aims to investigate the predictive validity of externalizing psychopathology for persistence in delinquent behavior when controlling for socio-demographic and first arrest characteristics in childhood first-time arrestees. A sample of first-time arrestees aged under 12 (n = 192) was assessed using the Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children (DISC-IV) parent-version on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and conduct disorder (CD). Based on child and parent reports of offending as obtained at arrest and at 2-year follow-up, three groups of offenders were differentiated: (1) persistent high (n = 48), (2) occasional (n = 62), and (3) persistent low offenders (n = 82).

Autistic symptoms in childhood arrestees: longitudinal association with delinquent behavior.

Background: To compare childhood arrestees with matched comparison groups on levels of autistic symptoms and to assess the unique predictive value of autistic symptoms for future delinquent behavior in childhood arrestees.

Methods: Childhood first-time arrestees (n = 308, baseline age 10.7 ± 1.

Correlates of self-reported offending in children with a first police contact from distinct socio-demographic and ethnic groups.

Background: This study aims to identify risk factors for level of offending among childhood offenders from different socio-economic status (SES) neighborhoods and ethnic origins.

Method: Three groups of childhood first time police arrestees were studied using standardized instruments for individual and parental characteristics: native Dutch offenders from moderate to high SES neighborhoods, native Dutch offenders from low SES neighborhoods, and offenders of non-Western origin from low SES neighborhoods.

Results: All subgroups showed high rates of externalizing disorders (27.

Haplotypes of the fibrinogen gene and cerebral small vessel disease: the Rotterdam scan study.

Objective: Fibrinogen levels and fibrinogen clot structure have been implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. We examined fibrinogen levels and variation in fibrinogen genes (fibrinogen gamma (FGG), alpha (FGA) and beta (FGB)), which have been associated with fibrin clot structure and fibrinogen levels, in relation to cerebral small vessel disease (SVD).

Methods And Results: This study was performed as part of the Rotterdam Scan Study, a population based study in 1077 elderly patients undergoing cerebral MRI.

Measurement of coronary calcium scores by electron beam computed tomography or exercise testing as initial diagnostic tool in low-risk patients with suspected coronary artery disease.

We determined the efficiency of a screening protocol based on coronary calcium scores (CCS) compared with exercise testing in patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD), a normal ECG and troponin levels. Three-hundred-and-four patients were enrolled in a screening protocol including CCS by electron beam computed tomography (Agatston score), and exercise testing. Decision-making was based on CCS.

Measurement of coronary calcium scores or exercise testing as initial screening tool in asymptomatic subjects with ST-T changes on the resting ECG: an evaluation study.

Background: Asymptomatic subjects at intermediate coronary risk may need diagnostic testing for risk stratification. Both measurement of coronary calcium scores and exercise testing are well established tests for this purpose. However, it is not clear which test should be preferred as initial diagnostic test.

Clinical characteristics, cardiac events and coronary angiographic findings in the prospective PREVEND cohort: an observational study.

Background: The use of invasive procedures has mostly been studied in retrospective (multi)- national registries. Limited evidence exists on the association between microalbuminuria and coronary artery disease (CAD).

Methods: The incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) and invasive cardiac procedures was registered between 1997 and 2003 in 8139 subjects, without prior documented CAD, in the PREVEND cohort study (the Netherlands), in which the focus is on microalbuminuria and cardiovascular risk.

C-reactive protein and angiographic characteristics of stable and unstable coronary artery disease: data from the prospective PREVEND cohort.

Aims: High sensitive-C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is associated with coronary risk, which may be explained by an association with (unstable) coronary artery disease (CAD). Until now, histopathological and angiographic studies have failed to consistently demonstrate a strong relationship. However, most of these studies were limited by a cross-sectional design.

Cortisol moderates the relationship between testosterone and aggression in delinquent male adolescents.

Background: In animals, strong evidence exists for an association between testosterone and aggression. In humans, and particularly in children and adolescents, findings have been less consistent. Previous research has suggested that this may partly be due to moderating effects of other factors, e.

Coronary risk factors and metabolic disorders in first-degree relatives of normocholesterolaemic patients with premature atherosclerosis.

Aims: Despite agreement on the need for screening for the presence of cardiovascular risk factors in first-degree family members of patients with premature coronary artery disease (CAD), this is not routinely carried out in relatives of normocholesterolaemic patients. We evaluated cardiovascular risk factors in family members of normocholesterolaemic patients with premature CAD.

Methods: Eligible index subjects were patients with premature CAD (<55 years in men and <65 years in women), who had undergone percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty.

Impact of statins in microalbuminuric subjects with the metabolic syndrome: a substudy of the PREVEND Intervention Trial.

Aims: Microalbuminuria frequently clusters with the metabolic syndrome and may identify subjects at increased coronary risk. Statin treatment may reduce the incidence of major adverse cardiac events in subjects with the metabolic syndrome, but evidence is limited. We evaluated the impact of pravastatin treatment on the incidence of major adverse cardiac events in microalbuminuric subjects with the metabolic syndrome.

Multidetector computed tomography-guided treatment strategy in patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndromes: a pilot study.

Patients with non-ST elevation acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and evidence of myocardial ischaemia are scheduled for coronary angiography (CAG). In most patients CAG remains a single diagnostic procedure only. A prospective study was performed to evaluate whether 16-slice multidetector CT (MDCT) could predict treatment of the patients and to determine how many CAGs could have been prevented by MDCT scanning prior to CAG.

Daytime triglyceridemia in normocholesterolemic patients with premature atherosclerosis and in their first-degree relatives.

Postprandial hypertriglyceridemia tested under metabolic ward conditions with unphysiological high fat loads has been reported in CAD patients and their relatives even in the presence of normal fasting lipids. It is unclear whether this also occurs in the daytime situation. Twenty-seven normocholesterolemic, non-obese and nondiabetic patients with premature coronary artery disease (CAD) and 56 first-degree relatives without CAD measured daytime capillary triglyceride profiles (TGc-AUC) as an estimate of postprandial lipemia.

Novel ways to noninvasively detect inflammation of the myocardium: contrast-enhanced MRI and myocardial contrast echocardiography.

Both contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (CE-MRI) and myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) are promising tools to detect cardiac inflammation. CE-MRI can be used to characterise the location and extent of myocardial inflammation, since areas of abnormal signal enhancement associated with regional wall motion abnormalities reliably indicate areas of active myocarditis. In MCE, chemically composed microbubbles can be visualised by ultrasound and used to determine the status of the cardiac microvasculature.

Magnetic resonance imaging in acute myocarditis: a case report and a review of literature.

We report a case of acute myocarditis in a 20-year-old male, suggested by the clinical picture, elevated cardiac enzymes, electrocardiography and serology. Diagnosis was confirmed by gadolinium-enhanced MRI showing part of the myocardium affected by an infiltrate. Impaired LV function and wall motion abnormalities were documented by echocardiography and FFE MRI.